Gene expression includes all kinds of life. This includes eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses. Basically the gene makes a product (protein) except for in viruses because they do not have DNA but have RNA so the process is a bit different.
The protein that is made has a specific function to perform within the body, or whatever living organism we are talking about. Here is would be in bacteria. This is basically how it is controlled. The gene knows what it needs to do and what what function it needs to perform, and makes the protein necessary to make that function happen. It makes the organism more adaptable and able to change in order to survive.
Gene regulation was first discovered in E.coli
The link below has a very easy to understand way of explaining gene expression. It is hard to understand and is incredibly complex.
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