Photosynthesis is the most fundamental process in nature. All life on earth depends directly or indirectly on this process. The present state of our knowledge regarding the photosynthetic process proves that it is not a one step process, but it is a two step process.
The primary reaction in photosynthesis depends on light and hence called light reaction or photochemical reaction. The light reaction is followed by second step in which light is not required but the product of light reaction is used up for the fixation of carbon dioxide in carbohydrates, known as dark reaction or thermochemical reaction.
The light reaction is initiated when specific light is absorbed by antenna chlorophyll. The absorbed energy is either trapped at the reaction centre and used to perform photo-chemical act. The two photosystems are known as photosystem I and photosystem II. both exist as structural entities within the thylakoid lamellae forming separate pigment protein complexes.
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