Technology affected the way that World War I was fought because it pretty much caused the infamous trench warfare to happen.
The machine gun, especially, made it very easy for defenders to kill large numbers of soldiers who were attacking them. As long as the defenders were dug in, the machine guns could slaughter advancing soldiers. At this time, there was nothing that could really allow the offense to maneuver easily around dug in defenses.
So, the machine gun caused defensive, trench warfare to be necessary. Sadly, the generals still tried to launch attacks and that is why so many people were killed in this war.
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