Why does John Proctor choose to hang and what does he thereby accomplish?

John Proctor refuses to save his life by confessing and naming names. Hale tries to get those imprisoned to save their lives because the court is allowing them to live if they confess.

At first, Proctor agrees, and this is done to please Elizabeth. But, his soul is already tortured because of the affair with Abigail, and he wants his good name and dignity back. He decides it is better to die than to lie any further. He has been scornful of the proceedings all along, and does not want to be hypocritical anymore.

In choosing to hang, he regains his dignity and self-respect. For Proctor, this was a better choice.

In the poem "The Raven," what does the speaker mean by asking "is there balm in Gilead?"

Because the balm is typically viewed as a remedy for those with broken hearts, it would make sense that the narrator in The Raven would want such a remedy as he is lamenting Lenore.

The balm of Gilead was also viewed as something of great value and not necessarily easy to obtain. Poe includes this reference to indicate the narrator's desire for hope. Authors often include allusions to the balm of Gildead for this same reason. Think of it like this--if there can be a possibility of mending something you have badly broken (a heart in this case), wouldn't that give you some hope? Some desire to keep on living? That is what the narrator is looking for in this passage, as unlikely as it is.

Explain one metaphor or a simile and its effectiveness in the poem "IF""IF" by Rudyard Kipling

Near the end of his immensely popular didactic poem, "If," Rudyard Kipling writes,

If you can fill the unforgiving minute

With sixty seconds' worth of distance won

This metaphor of the minute as representative of the time of a person's life reinforces the previous lines and the theme of Kipling's:  A true man is responsible for his life as, existentially, he creates this life by being accountable for his actions and time.

That the minute is "unforgiving" implies that the metaphoric runner must make use of every second, every moment of his life, in order to have this life("distance" as a metaphor for life) be worthwhile.   This wise and frugal use of time is just one of the conditions that make "you, a Man, my son."

What is Dickens' attitude toward law in A Tale of Two Cities?

Dickens had a very jaded view of the law and demonstrated this view in several ways in A Tale of Two Cities.  In the very first section of the book he comments on the lack of law and order in England as " Daring burglaries by armed men and highway robberies took place in the capital itself every night."  However, the law could not stop these burglaries but the hangman continued to hang "miscellaneous criminals," including a "wretched pilferer who had robbed a farmers boy of sixpence."  In France, the murder of a poor child by a member of the nobility was nothing, but the murder of the Marquis by the father of that child was harshly punished. 

He continues his to show the basic unfairness of the law in both England and France through the trials of Charles Darnay, first in England and then in France.  In both locations it is not truth that decides the trials, but theatrical performances on the part of the participants:  first Sidney's Carton's performance in Darney's treason trial in London decided the case rather than solid evidence (though the outcome was just).  Then Madame Defarge's dramatic testimony brought an unjust verdict in France.  Although France was worse than England, Dickens definitely saw injustice in both the French and England legal systems which he felt were biased against the poor.

In chapter 5, what does Gatsby offer Nick in return for Nick's cooperation in inviting Daisy to his house?

Gatsby wants to repay Nick for arranging the meeting with Daisy. Gatsby thinks Nick might be having some money troubles, so he offers for Nick to go into "business" with him. No one is sure what business this is, but Nick refuses the offer. Gatsby is so grateful to Nick, he wants to do something to repay him. On the day of the meeting with Daisy, it is raining pretty hard, but Gatsby sends a gardener over to Nick's, to have him cut his grass.

Gatsby has spent many years trying to improve his position in society, only so he can have a chance of getting back with Daisy. Now that the time has come for his meeting with Daisy, Gatsby feels indebted to Nick for arranging the meeting. He wants to show Nick his appreciation, but Nick doesn't want to be in business with Gatsby. 

Gatsby is not a bad person. He has just let his love of Daisy and his feelings of having to impress certain people. Money seems to be the root of all their troubles in the whole novel. Gatsby has become obsessed with having to have money. He thinks money will bring Daisy back. He thinks Nick will be thrilled to be able to make more money, however Nick seems to be the only one with the level head. 

Why does Crane repeat the passage "If I am going to be drowned..." What role does that passage play in the story as a whole?

“Perhaps an individual must consider his own death to be the final phenomenon of nature.” This line sums up the problem of human nature as far as Naturalists are concerned. The correspondent is grappling with his own mortality. He repeats, “If I am going to die….” in his frustrating inability to remedy his own situation. The shore is visible and close enough to row to, but the rollers by the shore prevent it. It seems like a cruel trick. He desires to see some sort of logic or sense to his predicament.

Naturalists stressed the notion of determinism. This is the inevitability of many aspects of our life. It is not attributed to fate, plan or destiny. There is no recourse by prayer or any capacity to change what is to come. The universe is portrayed as chaotic and random. This is shown by the death of the oiler who deserved to survive above all others. Naturalists like Crane believed we are born with the notion that we are indomitable and that our demise is a near impossibility.

Why do Proctor and Rebecca speak out against Hale`s coming? Why does Proctor set himself against Parris?Act 1

Rebecca and Proctor both realize that Hale's coming to Salem can only mean trouble.  They are well aware that his arrival may fuel the hysteria brewing in Salem.  Rebecca knows that it is just young girls either scared or playing a joke.  Proctor, of course, knows that it was Abigail with the other girls foolishly playing in the woods.  But once Hale arrives, the girls realize how dire their situation is, and they begin to invent the tales of witchcraft.

Proctor sets himself against Parris because he realizes Parris is greedy and self-serving.  He stopped going to church when Parris harped on the congregation until they relented and raised enough money to purchase gold candle holders.  For Proctor this is a waste and just serves to prove how greedy Parris really is.

Describe how the theme of Nora as a child developed in the course of Ibsen’s “A Doll’s House.” Please answer my question...

Even though the play begins with a seemingly merry Christmas scene, the scene is far from ideal.  Torvald's treatment of Nora is patronizing and controlling.  He calls her "lark," "little squirrel."  When she wants to show him what she bought, he calls her his wasteful "little spendthrift."  In short, he treats her like a child, doling out money, admonishing her not to waste it, even scolding her about eating macaroons.

Later we learn that Nora has more depth than we originally thought.  She secretly (and illegally) borrowed money for a vacation that she believed would save Torvald's life, knowing that she risked his disapproval with this venture.  She has been also secretly doing work on the side to repay this loan.  Nora is further aware that Torvald might some day grow tired of her when she is not as young and cute as she is now.  She tells Mrs. Linde that she is preparing for the day when "Torvald is not longer as devoted to me as he is now; when my dancing and dressing-up and reciting have palled on him."  So, even though Nora may act like a child, she is a woman who is very aware of her actions and can make decisions on her own.

What Nora, though, learns through the course of the play is that Torvald cannot accept her as the woman she is.  He is furious when he finds out that she borrowed money.  He says he will not sacrifice his honor for his love.  When she tries to explain to him why she did what she did, he tells her that she is speaking like a child.  Nora then reminds him that she has always been like a child to him, that they have never really discussed matters as equal.s

Nora's realization that their marriage is not the "wonderful" she thought it was, that she has sorely misjudged her husband, who will never see her as the adult she is, and that he in turn has misjudged her is the crux of the play.  I think she was always an adult, but she played a child's role.  When she demands that she be treated as the adult she is, the marriage becomes unstable, and she exits.

How is Francie Nolan, the protagonist, a dynamic (changing) character, like how does she generally change in A Tree Grows in Brooklyn?

Since this book jumps back and forth from generation to generation, we can see how Francie grows up and matures if the book was placed in chronological order. She learned many things which allowed her to have her own beliefs, thus she becomes dynamic to her surroundings.

Examples are when she started off as a shy, lonley girl, weak, and innocent. At the end, she becomes independent, outgoing, brave and strong. She becomes a stronger woman through what she learned in her past.

The tree symbolizes Francie. If you haven't noticed, the tree is exactly like Francie. The tree liked poor people = Francie does not mind being poor. The tree grew in wherever possible = Francie perseveres and keeps strong like the tree.

Explain the significance of the statement "Now these are Sonny's Blues" and how he make the music his own?

Sonny uses the blues to soothe the suffering he feels.  Sonny feels the harshness of growing up in Harlem more intensely than his brother does. For the most part, Sonny's pain comes from the temptations in the streets of Harlem, the limited economic opportunities he has, and learning how his uncle died. At first, Sonny uses heroin to soothe his pain and gets sent to prison for using and selling it. His brother, the narrator of the story, has internalized the suffering he grew up with. Until the end of the story, the narrator doesn't understand why Sonny plays jazz or what the music does for him. The music offers Sonny freedom from his pain and suffering. When the narrator goes to hear Sonny play, he realizes that "he could help us to be free if we would just listen, that he would never be free until we did. I heard what he had gone through, and would continue to go through until he came to rest in earth." Because Sonny is able to put his own pain and suffering into the music, the audience can feel the pain and suffering. Sonny makes it his own when he personalizes it. The narrator finally realizes the darkness that consumes his brother and appreciates the music Sonny plays to calm his suffering.

In Act 3, Scene 2 (Lines 132-137), what does Juliet plan to do with the cords. JULIET 132 Take up those cords: poor ropes, you are...

When she says these things, I do not believe that she is actually planning to do anything with the rope ladder.  I think she is just being dramatic.

The rope ladder was supposed to be used to let Romeo come up to her room so they could sleep together.  Now, she is saying, she is going to die and she will never sleep with any man.  At this point, there is no reason to think she is going to die.

I suppose you could say she is going to kill herself with the cords, but that doesn't make sense.  Just after she says the lines you cite, she gives the nurse a ring to bring to Romeo and tells the nurse to make sure Romeo comes to her room.  So she's not planning to kill herself.

Is Rainsford justified in his decision to kill General Zaroff? Why or why not?

As with all interpretive questions, your answer is based upon your own reading of the story and how you analyze the plot and characters.  Rainsford had escaped Zaroff, and won the game.  There was no reason to return to the masion and kill Zaroff except to exact revenge.  Consider that Rainsford himself is a hunter, used to being in power.  Although he had never considered doing something as inhumane as Zaroff in hunting humans, his choice to kill Zaroff reveals his need to be in control.  In this case, his killing of Zaroff isn't about justice, but about revenge.

On the other hand, there is nothing to suggest Zaroff would have quit hunting humans.  He was a static character, who didn't change even when he "lost" the hunt of Rainsford.  In this reading, the audience can interpret that Rainsford is doing his part for mankind by eliminating the threat of the murderer Zaroff.  After all, on this island, there is no justice system by which to prosecute him.

You will need to choose the answer that best supports your understanding of the characters. 

Discuss how the prisoners are treated like animals. Why do they eventually become animalistic and how do they show this? Give examplesgive example

Probably one of the best examples of how the prisoners were treated like animals (and there were many) was when the prisoners traveled in the cattle cars. They were literally treated like cattle. Elie uses words like "herded" to describe the way that they were loaded onto the cars. The trains would stop periodically to unload the dead without thought of who they were, just as if they were unloading the carcasses of animals. The soldiers would throw food into the cars and they would leave buckets of water in the cars as well and the soldiers left it to the prisoners to fight for it all.

Elie witnessed a son murder his father for a crust of bread and then two other men murder the son for the same crust of bread. He described the scene like these men were reduced to pure animal instinct where hunger and survival superseded relationships and social graces.

What are the shared features of firemen?

All the firemen have the same basic physical appearance. They all look slightly sun-burnt from spending their days starting fires and watching them burn. They all have "charcoal hair and soot-colored brows and bluish-ash-smeared cheeks where they has shaven close; but their heritage showed." Montag realizes as he's looking at a group of firemen that they all look the same, including himself and he's never really stopped to take note of it until now. It's as if they were all predestined to be firemen based on these characteristics.

What was Oscar Wilde 's purpose in entitling his play 'The Importance of Being Earnest'?please provide evidence from the play.

Certainly the purpose lies first ans foremost in the purpose of the play as a comedy of trivialities. This being said, Oscar Wilde intended to make this an ironic, pun-filled, and sarcastic comedy of manners in which the upper classes and their hypocritical behaviors would be the motif of ridicule. He chose the name Ernest as a pun for earnest, and the ladies Cecily and Gwendolyn as a representation of the superficiality of the marital state. Hence, with both women falling in love with the name of Ernest, and he being just called Ernest as a fake, exposes him as a liar, the opposite of an earnest man.

The name thing was clarified in the end, when Jack finds out that his father's name was Ernest, hence he is an Ernest "by default". Still, Jack has the nerve to say at the end "I finally found the real importance of being earnest". Basically he is exculpating himself from the whole double personality deal! In there comes the triviality of the play, the irony behind the name, and the reason for it being the central focus of the title.

How does the last name of "Finch" contradict the whole novel?Finch is Scout's last name and is as well a name for a type of bird, so I think it...

I’m not sure if “finch” as the last name of Scout and Atticus “contradicts” the novel, but it might complicate the attempt to contrast it with the mockingbird.  Interestingly, the finch is the species Darwin particularly studied in the Galapolos, which resulted in his theory about evolution.  He noticed how the finch had many different subspecies, that there must have been an original “finch” that had evolved into many different birds that were still finches.  Darwin wrote, “Seeing this gradation and diversity of structure in one small, intimately related group of birds, one might really fancy that from an original paucity of birds in this archipelago, one species had been taken and modified for different ends." In the world of birds, “finch” refers to many different kinds of birds; it is not unlike the frequency of the name “Smith” in regard to people—many different kinds of people bear this name. Some finches might be territorial, but most are not, just going about their business being birds, not bothering anyone.  If “finch” signifies complexity and diversity in development in the bird world, then its use in the novel, might suggest complexity in development in the human world.  Perhaps Lee used it because it is a rather generic term of a typical bird; perhaps she meant it to signify a commonality with mockingbirds, which also don’t bother others, although they, unlike the finch, make a distinctive song.

What is your opinion or idea that trust is a powerful tool that can significanly impact a person's life? Try to make the story "The Cask of...

I believe management is an art because it takes time to learn this area, and there is constant room for improvement.  I say an art because I think of it is learning how to play an instrument.  The concepts are abstract and not concrete when it comes to business.  Nothing is black and white, but more of grey.  Many employers want their Managers to have a skill of detail-oriented, yet there is a time and a place for that; however, in order to do the job effectively, I believe creativity plays a big part in it.  A person has to understand themselves in order to become a better manager, so that makes it an art.  An art in management is true because I had to read a book for school, "Supervision:  The Art of Management."  See what I mean?  This is definitely an art.  If it is a science, then there would be no flexibility, but with management there is.  Not one person is alike in their thinking, so a Manager has to adapt.  I hope this now makes more sense on how management is more of an art than a science.

In Heart of Darkness, why does Kurtz get sick?

We don't really know what causes his physical illness; we can assume that he has caught malaria or is suffering from some other fever illness.  

However, he has looked into the depth of his soul (the heart of darkness) and what he has seen there and discovered within himself is corruption and depravity.  

Marlowe recognises that not only does Kurtz suffer because he has seen into the depths of his own soul and found corruption but he recognised that all men have this possibility in within themselves.  This 'seeing' has made Kurtz ill. 

How did technology affect the way the war fought?WWI

Technology affected the way that World War I was fought because it pretty much caused the infamous trench warfare to happen.

The machine gun, especially, made it very easy for defenders to kill large numbers of soldiers who were attacking them.  As long as the defenders were dug in, the machine guns could slaughter advancing soldiers.  At this time, there was nothing that could really allow the offense to maneuver easily around dug in defenses.

So, the machine gun caused defensive, trench warfare to be necessary.  Sadly, the generals still tried to launch attacks and that is why so many people were killed in this war.

Examine the use of classical mythology in Milton's "On the Morning of Christ's Nativity," composed in 1629.PL. ANS IN DETAIL.

John Milton imitates Chaucer's device of combining Classical allusions with Biblical subject matter in his long poem "On the Morning of Christ's Nativity." Milton starts out by inquiring whether the Muse--an allusion to the one of nine Greek muses to be credited with inspiring English poets since Chaucer--has a gift of verse or song to celebrate the birth of the one called the "Infant God" on his nativity, or day of birth. Milton ends his poem by saying the fairies ("yellow-skirted Fays") will fly into the night and leave their Earthly traces behind ("moon-loved maze").

Milton's object in employing Classical allusions in this poem is to suggest that at the birth of Jesus called Christ, the pagan gods and elves and fairies of the world were overturned in response to which they laid themselves to rest in order to answer the question of what happened to the gods and mythical creatures of pre-Christian eras. This objective is most clearly announced in Stanza VII of Part I, The Hymn, Lines 77 through 84:

And, though the shady gloom
Had given her room,
The Sun himself withheld his wonted speed,
And hid his head of shame,
As his inferior flame
The new-enlightened world no more should need:
He saw a greater Sun appear
Than his bright Throne or burning axletree could bear.

Milton alludes to numerous classical Greek pagan gods, the first of which after the Muse is Apollo, who daily pulled the Sun across the sky in a golden chariot led by seven immortal horses. Nature is described as the "paramour" of the Sun, Apollo, and is an allusion to Demeter, Greek goddess of the harvest, who's daughter Persephone was dragged by Hades into the Underworld. The goddess of Peace, alluded to next, is Eirene, who Milton says smoothed the ocean waters with a kiss and whispered joys to Poseidon ("Ocean"), the god of the Ocean.

Milton makes an interesting allusion in Part I, Stanza VIII through Pan, the Greek god of shepherds and flocks, wherein he contrasts the new-born Jesus with Pan. Milton then moves through the pantheon alluding to Artemis, also called Cynthia,

who contemplates the end of her reign:
Of Cynthia’s seat the airy Region thrilling,    
Now was almost won    
To think her part was done,            105
And that her reign had here its last fulfilling:

then to the Oracles of Apollo at Delphos, to Osiris, to the demon Typhon and again to the Sun, also alluding to Peor, Baallim and Ashtaroth as well as others.

In between, in Part I, Stanzas XI through XIII, Milton writes of Jesus' birth in terms of Cherubim and Seraphim "in glittering ranks with wings displayed" singing in a welcoming choir ("quire"), which, in the next stanza, connects to the act of creation when the "Sons of Morning" sang at the setting of the constellations, the knowledge of which looses "ninefold harmony" of "the angelic symphony."

The following five stanzas ( XIV - XVIII) depict Jesus' upcoming life and work of redemption, with final judgment by "The dreadful Judge" against "The Old Dragon," another name for Lucifer. Thus Milton celebrates the rise of Jesus called Christ and the laying to rest of the pantheon of Greek gods and mythical creatures.

f(x)= 2x2-3x-2 Determine the zeros of each function by factoring:

The roots of f(x) =  2x^2-3x-2 are required.

Solve the quadratic equation 2x^2 - 3x - 2 = 0.

The roots of a quadratic equation ax^2 + bx + c = 0 are given by `(-b+-sqrt(b^2-4ac))/(2a)`

For the equation 2x^2 - 3x - 2 = 0, a = 2, b = -3 and c = -2, the roots of the equation are:

`(-(-3)+-sqrt((-3)^2-4*2*-2))/(2*2)`

`(3+-sqrt(9 + 16))/4`

`(3+-sqrt 25)/4`

`(3+- 5)/4`

8/4 and -2/4

2 and -1/2

The roots of f(x) =  2x^2-3x-2 are 2 and -1/2

How does father's sweet,sing-song voice affect Jonas on their last evening together?

In his "sweet, sing-song voice, father sang, "it's bye-bye to you, Gabe, in the morning".  I think for Jonas it must have been the thing that caused him to make the serious decision to take Gabriel with him when he left the community. Father's statement was ominous because it expressed the truth underlying the lies the people had always been told.  Although his voice was made it seem like everything was alright, "bye-bye" to Gabriel meant that in the morning he would be killed, not just  "released" to a vague, alternate, positive existence like the people have been led to believe.  Because Jonas knows the truth behind the facade of his father's soothing voice, he makes the dangerous decision to kidnap Gabriel and include him in his attempt to escape from the society (Chapter 21).

How was Jonas able to use memories to foil the search planes?

Right at the start of the book, we see that there are airplanes in the community, although we have no idea what they are for.  One of their functions, apparently, must be to search for people.

What he did here was to use memories of snow and cold to make him and Gabe seem cold.  By doing this, he was able to fool the infrared heat detectors that the search planes used to find people.

Jonas also uses the fact the he knows about color and the fact that he knows that the other people in the community do not know about it.

What does Beetle's interaction with the cat tell you about her past in The Midwife's Apprentice?

Beetle (later Alyce) seemed to have no one to talk to and no one to care for. As she talks to the cat, the reader understands her fear of others and her feeling of being a nothing. When she saved the cat's life, the two bonded to become like siblings or best friends. The cat followed her everywhere, even to the next village. The young girl's life began (for the reader, anyhow), in a dung pile, burrowing for the warmth of the decaying matter just to survive. Being the lowest of the low, even the least desirable children in the village had her to torment. Beetle related to the cat what she learned as she became the apprentice to the midwife. Later on as the inn's helper, the writer of history taught the cat to read so that Alyce could learn to read.

Discuss Joyce's "Araby" as a modern short story, including elements of modernism in your discussion.

With the effects of world wars and the Freudian movement along with Darwinism, the Romantic movement saw its end as Modernism came into being.  This movement is characterized with a marked pessimism in its examination of subject matter is much more mundane, With James Joyce's The Dubliners, from which "Araby" comes, there is concern with city life as a central force in society, with the individual often standing alone attempting

to preserve the autonomy of his existence in the face of overwhelming social forces, of historical heritage, of external culture, and of the technique of life. [sociologist Georg Simmel]

As a modern short story, then, Joyce's "Araby" places a boy in the impecunious environment of North Richmond Street in Dublin, Ireland, where the houses are brown.  Joyce himself referred to the brown brick houses as the "incarnation of Irish paralysis," a phrase he uses to characterize the powerlessness of the Irish to change their hopeless situations through individual action.

In "Araby," the young man is the narrator who romanticizes his infatuation with his friend's sister as he uses the exotic word araby to suggest the exciting world of romance.  He imagines further that at the market on Saturdays, he carries, not the groceries, but the holy grail for his fair maiden. 

The narrator's confusion with reality and truth is something that he brings on himself in the midst of the brown houses and even the girl's brown dress, which suggests that she is not what he imagines.  His pure thoughts of the grail are, in reality, sullied by his watching her and imagining the border of her slip as well his voyeurism as he peeks under the shade.  That his idealism is doomed to failure is further determined by the unconcern of the uncle and his flippancy after he returns too late for the narrator to get to the bazaar before it closes.  Then, when the boy reaches the bazaar, he realizes in his epiphany that he has been "a creature driven and derided by vanity."  Ashamed of his silly romantic ideas, the boy's eyes fill with tears in "anguish and anger." Trapped in his brown city life, the narrator feels the overwhelming pessimism and "paralysis" of his lonely existence.

Why is Candy so interested in Leannie and George's conversation?no

Candy knows that his time on this ranch is almost up.  He recognizes that his worth is almost spent and is quite fearful of ending up like his own dog, shot because it's useless.

Candy sees this dream ranch in the same light as Lennie and George, a place to be their own men and do their own things.  Candy very much wants to be a part of a place where he is still considered useful and needed.

What are the differences between external and internal audit reports ?Difference between the actual reports rather than the difference between...

There need not be any difference between internal and external auditing reports. The external auditing reports conforms to requirements specified by applicable rules and regulations. In contrast, the scope of internal audit audit and the reports that cover these audit conform to the specifications laid down by the company management. There is nothing that prevents management of a company to specify the same requirements of internal audit report as applicable to the external audit report. However it does offer some advantage to the firm and the management to retain some degree of commonality between the internal and external audit reports.

The exact difference in the internal and external audit reports will differ from company to company depending upon the thinking and requirements of the top management of the company. However, we can see the following general pattern of differences between external and internal audit reports.

• Internal audit and its reports are likely to be more frequent as compared to external audits.


• Internal audit reports are likely to be more detailed.


• Internal audit reports are designed to focus on internal control of the company by the management, while the external audit are designed to certify and control the performance of the top management.


• External audit is based on examination of finalized accounts of the company approved by the board of directors. Internal audit, in contrast is done prior to finalization and certification of accounts by the top management.


• Internal audit may also cover the aspects of management performance and effectiveness. External audit are more focused on adherence to laid down systems and procedures.

In chapter 6, why do Ralph and Jack both insist on going after the beast? Why does Jack say that they don't need the conch any longer?

In chapter 6, Samneric report that they have seen the beast. Because of their convincing testimony, the boys now believe that the beast is real. Jack is excited to go find the beast, saying, "This'll be a real hunt. Who'll come?" He sees this as an opportunity to demonstrate his leadership. He is still jealous of Ralph and feels competitive towards him. Perhaps he senses weakness in Ralph and believes this will be his moment to wrest power away from him. He taunts Ralph, asking him if he is frightened. Ralph replies honestly, "'Course I'm frightened. Who wouldn't be?" Ralph is secure enough in his leadership position to admit his fear, but Jack hears opportunity knocking. His confidence has been boosted by recently killing a pig; he believes he can kill this beast as well.

Ralph's motives for wanting to find the beast are completely different. The fear of the beast has resulted in Samneric leaving their post as keepers of the signal fire. The fire is their only plausible chance of rescue, and Ralph tenaciously clings to the fire as his primary purpose. In order to get the signal fire lit again, they must be able to climb the mountain without fear. Whatever fear Ralph has of the beast, he has more fear of not being able to have the signal fire emitting its potentially life-saving smoke. So while Jack's motives for seeking the beast are selfish, Ralph's motives are altruistic.

During the meeting to discuss finding the beast, Jack ridicules Piggy and his claim of the conch. He says that the conch is not needed anymore. In his opinion, free speech and democracy have no value. He states, "We know who ought to say things. What good did Simon do speaking, or Bill, or Walter? It's time some people knew they've got to keep quiet and leave deciding things to the rest of us." Jack shows that he prefers an oligarchy at least, and if he can achieve it, a dictatorship. He believes that those with power should make the decisions according to their own judgment. 

At this point Ralph is able to reassert his authority by asking the boys, "Don't any of you want to be rescued?" This causes "a violent swing to Ralph's side, and the crisis passed." However, this scene foreshadows the way Jack will rule when he gets the chance, presenting a stark contrast to the British values of freedom and individual rights that Ralph stands for.

Why was Portia worried about Brutus?

Portia is the wife of Brutus and in Act II Scene 1 of Shakespeare's Julius Caesar displays qualities of concern, bravery, and intellect which make her a fitting wife for "the noblest Roman of them all". 

There are several reasons why Portia is concerned about Brutus, which are clearly stated in lines 860-930. She begins by stating that Brutus has left their bed late at night and wandered around looking upset. When she inquired about the reason for this, he was secretive and bad-tempered, which is uncharacteristic behavior for him. She states that whatever is afflicting him is having several obvious effects on his behavior, appearance, and disposition:

It will not let you eat, nor talk, nor sleep,

And could it work so much upon your shape

As it hath much prevail'd on your condition, 

When he pretends that he is sick, she catches him in his lie and points out that if he were sick, he wouldn't being going out in the cold. Moreover, she noticed the conspirators visiting him. 

What attitude dominates Hamlet's personality in Act I, Scene 2?

This is the scene in which Claudius announces his marriage to Gertrude.  Hamlet can best be described as grumpy in this scene.  He is bitter about his mother's quick marriage.  He feels she has betrayed his father and he doesn't trust Claudius.  He is despondent, feeling that he is alone in the world.  Hamlet's "asides" - his muttered comments to himself - show how bitter he is.  He criticizes Claudius, calling him:

"A little more than kin, and less than kind."

He challenges his mother outright, insisting his feelings are strong and valid:

"Seems, madam! Nay, it is; I know not seems."

When they are gone, he wishes for release from his pain:

"O, that this too too solid flesh would melt!"

There is a third human species besides Homo sapiens and Homo Neanderthalensis?

There was not discovered a whole fossil, but only one finger of a child, in a cave in the Altai Mountains, in Asia, where it was believed that Neanderthals lived.

Researchers have extracted mitochondrial DNA from fossil's finger and they were surprised to see that the differences are so large, compared to Neanderthal and Homo sapiens. The discovery may be considered a new species. This suggests that perhaps there were more species of people, each evolving from primitive humans, who left Africa, at different moments in time and in the same place.

The hominid, whose finger was genetically examined, has lived in Asia, in the Altai Mountains, somewhere between 48,000 and 30,000 years ago. The first thing researchers did was to remove the possibility of verifying the DNA of bacteria that have infected the child, and not the DNA of the child. After they have established the true, researchers are increasingly confident that this was a new species of primitive people. Here, therefore, are three species of modern humans which existed at the same time and same place, in the Altai Mountains of Asia. In the same time, there were dwarves people, called Hobbits, Fluorisensis Homo on Flores Island, in Indonesia.

The next step for researchers is to extract DNA from the nucleus of the cell of the fossil. It will say more about that new species. The mitochondrial DNA which has been extracted so far, was from fossil's cells.

In the book, The Light in the Forest, what is one of the most outstanding qualities one of the main characters has?

One of the most outstanding qualities of True Son, the main character in the novel, is his courage. He's forced to return to the white culture and endure humiliation, but he faces each situation with his dignity in tact, not allowing his temper to get the best of him. He's torn between two worlds and realizes that neither of them is totally right or wrong. He knows the Lenni Lenape are wrong to kill in order to avenge Little Crane, and he sees the cruelty of the whites' vengeance against his tribe. I believe True Son shows his greatest courage when he is willing to betray the Lenni Lenape to stop them from slaughtering innocent white people. True Son is willing to suffer whatever consequences he must to do the right thing as a human being.

How does Creon threaten the sentry in Antigone?

The sentry brings news to Creon that Creon's newest (and probably first) order as King of Thebes has been defied:  someone has tried to bury the traitor Polynieces.  Creon demands that the sentry find out who the perpetrator of this crime is.  Otherwise, Creon will hold the sentry responsible and punish the sentry according to the punishment set forth in Creon's decree: the sentry will be sentenced to death. This is most likely why the sentry argued with his fellow soldier as to who would tell Creon, and why the sentry takes so long explaining what happened.

(One of the first instances of "don't kill the messenger.")

Why does the rescuing naval officer comment,"I should have thought that a pack of British boys would have put on a better show than that?" Go into...

The naval officer's comment is revealing the shock he feels at seeing the boys uncivilized manner and attire. He expected that proper British schoolboys would carry on in an appropriate manner.

The savagery that had proceeded this rescue is evident to the boys. They have evolved into a roving band of hunters/killers who have  given in to the constant demand for blood-lust.

At first, just hunting the boars for meat was enough, but as time went on, they found each other was more exciting game.

What is wrong with Betty from The Crucible?

Betty has fallen mysteriously ill.  However, this is really her guilt at having been discovered dancing in the woods with the other girls and Tituba.  Tituba is quiet worried about her Betty, for she is Parris's slave and has practically raised Betty.  Tituba is also likely worried that her mysteriously illness might lead other to wonder what is causing it and that might lead into an investigation into what was going on in the woods.  Of course, it was innocent tomfoolery; however, in the strict Puritan religious culture, it could be construed as witchcraft, which could lead to hangings.  The rumor circulating about Betty is that she is under the spell of witchcraft, which is one reason the community is seeking Hale, who is an expert on witchcraft and leading trials.

What are all of the themes and symbols portrayed in "The Story of an Hour" by Kate Chopin?

Even though "The Story of an Hour" is a very short story, it is full of symoblism and depth.  It has various themes:  marriage, love, death, grief, freedom, the repression of women, the confines of marriage, feminism, irony, societal roles, social taboos, marital expectations, and happiness.  All of those themes could each be discussed in great detail, and supported within the text.

For symbolism, the greatest example can be found in the very lengthy description of the spring day that Louise views outside of her window.  Here we have a very short story, and yet Chopin though spending over a paragraph just on the weather was important enough to include.  The weather, the sunshine, birds, and song in the distance, all symbolize Louise's rather unconventional reaction to the news of her husband's death:  happiness and freedom.  The spring symbolizes a new beginning; the sunshine happiness and freedom, and the distant song the feeling of elation that she will in a minute, fully realize and embrace.  That weather scene is highly symbolic of Louise's feelings of being released from the shackles of marriage.

I hope that helped; good luck!

How does "Everyday Use" represent conflict between generation?

Alice Walker was fascinated with women of her mother's generation.  She expresses this in "Everyday Use" (Mrs. Johnson), The Color Purple (Celie, Sophia), and her poem "Women":

They were women then
My mama's generation
Husky of voice- Stout of Step
With fists as well as hands

How they battered down doors
And ironed
Starched white shirts
How they led Armies

Headragged Generals
Across mined fields
Booby-trapped ditches
To discover books desks

A place for us
How they knew what we must know           
Without knowing a page of it themselves.

These women, Mrs. Johnson, and the women in The Color Purple (Celie, Sophia) were uneducated, even illiterate because they lived in the Jim Crow South.  Their primary goals were to educate their daughters' Civl Rights generation: Dee, Alice Walker, Adam, Olivia (in The Color Purple).  Their role as matriarchs was find educational resources for their daughters that they never had.

The problem is that on Civil Rights era daughter, Deem takes her mother's hard work and self-suffeciency for granted.  She exploits her hard work and struggle as an emblem of African nationalism instead of sacrifice.

What predictions does woolf make for women's writing in the future? How do they look from our current vantafe point?

In 'A Room of One's Own' by Virginia Woolf, the author predicts that until women have equal rights with men in terms of material wealth, career opportunities, support with issues impeding their progress such as childcare, property ownership and education opportunities, they would continue to make less progress in terms of writing and in terms of other careers too. She held that women were not as visible as men in the career and intellectual and academic hierarchies because their material circumastances held them back. Nowadays, such ideas seem obvious but in her time those arguments still had to be proved and accepted. It is certainly true that it now easier for a woman to become afamous author to but many are turning to writing chick lit or children's adventures. There are , though ,some star classic women authors too.

Name 3 functions of technology in 1984.

Considering the time period in which this book was written and published, technology is quite advanced. The function of technology in this novel mainly used as a means to monitor the Outer Party members through the use of the telescreens (which are two way so the watchers are being watched). Technology is also used to alter history constantly so that it is not a concrete entity, but rather a fluid one, which is always changing to fit the purposes of the society. Technology is also used to limit the range of human thinking with the use of the Thought Police, who can somehow read the inner thoughts of Party members, and with the creation (or rather destruction) and implementation of Newspeak which also limits the range with which a party member can express oneself. Technology in 1984 is not creature comfort like we know it to be, it was used as a means of keeping society members under control in every way.

Why does the government use "newspeak" in 1984?

I agree with clane, newspeak is the government's tool to limit the people's range of thought, and to control the masses. By systematically reducing words and eliminating language that is potentially subversive, they can eventually dumb their society down so much that people won't even be able to think or to formulate words of resistance. According to Kenneth Burke, the terms we choose not only reflect, but also select and deflect reality. By controlling the terms, the government also controls the values connected to those terms, as well as the emotion. Newspeak, like the content of the news, is nothing more than a series of spliced segments of meaning. Newspeak is the ultimate reflection of a reality devoid of meaning.

Joyce's Araby is a story of disillusionment and frustration.Its a 16 marks question.

Concerning Joyce's "Araby," I'm not exactly sure what you're asking.  Your question is not really a question, and I have no idea what you mean by "a 16 marks question."  I'll just comment on the disillusionment and frustration in the work.

The narrator is first frustrated by his infatuation with Mangan's sister, as any teenager might be.  He likes her and is somewhat obsessed with her, but can't really get close to her or get to know her.  Then when he finally gets a chance to cement a connection with her by getting her a gift from the bazaar, he's frustrated by having to wait for the day to arrive when he can go, and by his uncle returning home late to give him his spending money.

Once at the bazaar, he is then disillusioned by the appearance of the bazaar, the useless, trivial flirting of the three workers he overhears, and, apparently, by the items available for purchase.

He experiences an epiphany, then, when he realizes how trivial he has been during the course of his infatuation.  Buying Mangan's sister a gift from Araby does not merit his total obsessiveness, which led him to neglect everything else. 

What does the poem imply about the speaker’s values?The Road not taken

To me, this poem implies that the speaker wants to be a rebel, wants to be someone who does not conform to society.  But the poem implies that this feeling is somewhat of a fake.

The speaker does not really feel that either of the roads is any different from the other.  He talks about how they are both just as fair and equally trodden.  Therefore, there is really no difference and he knows there is no difference.

Even so, he wants to pretend to be a rebel so, someday, he's going to talk about how the road he took was less traveled and he's going to pretend that his choice was important.

How did the so-called Second New Deal differ from the first?Also, what political pressures did Roosevelt face that contributed to the new policies?

I have not come across terms like first and second new deals. However, people do speak of the "Hundred Days" and "Second Hundred Days" two periods of speedy and intensive actions taken under the New Deal Program.

The hundred days refers to the special session of the Congress lasting from March 9, 1933 to June 16, 1933, in which a series of important laws were passed that were intended to provide relief to the needy, give boost to economic activity, and reform financial, business, industrial and agricultural practices.

The second hundred days refers to a period in 1935 when additional laws were passed to further strengthen the achievements flowing from the effects of the original hundred days. The second hundred days did not really differ from the original 100 days. It was actually based on the experience of implementing the original hundred days and built upon it. Accordingly the laws passed during the second hundred days covered many more aspects.

The new deal itself continued well beyond these second hundred days.

What are some of the ways that the Romans adopted and adapted Greek art and artistic principles? (i need 4 different ways)

The Romans conquered many lands and usually when they did they let the conquered land keep their own culture. When they conquered Greece they found that they really liked many aspects of Greek art and culture.

The Romans really liked Greek sculpture. Romans sculptures are amazing but the Romans built upon Greek sculpture. The Romans made sculptures more detailed and they could make more of them, quicker.

They also adopted some of the principles from Greek theater. The Greeks focused on more classical themes showcased in arenas while the Romans held theater events in arenas as well but showcased gladiator games and executions.

What is the reaction of Jack's tribe to Ralph's talk of rescue?

When Ralph talks of the necessity of the fire and smoke for their hopes of rescue, Jack and his tribe break into laughter. Ralph is thoroughly angry at this reaction and an altercation ensues. Jack's group capture most of Ralph's and disarm them, while Jack and Ralph fight. Piggy is killed in this battle, and Ralph realizes there is no way to reason with them.

Ralph had good intentions in trying to talk reasonable with the other tribe, but he did not take into account that Jack's tribe does not think about rescue anymore. They are too deep into the savage mentality to be reasoned with , at this point.

Who narrates the prologue, and what is its purpose?

The narrator of the Prologue might be Chaucer, but this is not to confuse him with Chaucer the author.  He explains, in fact, that he is only acting as the faithful reporter of what others have said, without adding or omitting anything; he must not then be blamed for what he reports.  "My wit is short, ye may well understand," the narrator says.  This persona, who almost becomes a character in himself, often professes a naivety that we often find in his ironic descriptions of the pilgrims.  Often that narrative voice presents information uncritically but ironically in that the author behind the narrative voice does the criticizing.

What was the issue between the western superpowers {US and Great Britain} against the Soviet Union over West Berlin?no

As part of the Potsdam agreement soon after the end of World War II in Europe, Germany was divided into four zones of occupation for the French, the British, Americans and Soviets.  Berlin, even though it was in the eastern zone, was also divided among these four powers. 

After ten years, the agreement stated that all foreign forces would pull out and democratic elections would be held.  The Soviets never left, and installed a communist government with East Berlin as its capital.

West Berlin remained connected to West Germany by highways and railways, and the Soviets refused to supply the west part of the city.  In 1948, in the early days of the Cold War, the Soviets blockaded West Berlin.

If Britain and America gave in and let the city fall into Soviet hands, then that sent a message that western Europe was vulnerable.  We adopted a policy of containment and airlifted supplies into West Berlin rather than surrender it, and rather than start World War III to defend it.  This episode became a model for containment during the Cold War.

what are the differnt parts of the play which indicate Nora is secretive?which quotes from the play indicate that she is secretive

There are many examples of Nora's secretive nature in the play. In fact, the play is based on her deceit. Here are a few examples divided by the acts.

Act One: Nora secretly eats macaroons behind her husband's back. This sets the tone for the more deceitful deeds she has done. Next, Nora admits to Kristine that she procured the money for their trip to Italy in a devious manner, but doesn't yet tell her how.

Act Two: Krogstad threatens Nora if she doesn't help him keep his position at the bank, and we learn she forged her father's name on the loan.

In Act Three, the truth comes out, and ironically, the truth is liberating for Nora. She finally has the nerve to leave her husband and stand up for herself.

The main conflict of the play is based on the lies Nora has told to her husband. She felt it was necessary to deceive him in order to keep her marriage safe. She had been convinced that she could not survive without him, and Torvald was mainly responsible for this feeling. The irony is that Nora, in trying to maintain her secrets, had learned to be independent. When the truth does come out, she recognizes her own worth.

1. Why doesn't the roof of a building collapse under the tremendous pressure exerted by our atmosphere?

The roof of a building has atmospheric air pressing it from all sides, with the result that net force acting on it because of atmospheric pressure is nil. However, if we were to make a building or a room, within which a vacuum was maintained, then the net atmospheric pressure acting on such a building will tend to press in the building from all sides, and therefore its roof as well as walls and floors will have to be made strong enough to withstand the atmospheric pressure.

We can demonstrate this effect of atmospheric pressure using the example of an empty carton of some soft drink. Normally such a carton does not collapse under atmospheric pressure. Bur if we such air our of the carton, and thereby reduce the air pressure inside the carton, it will collapse under influence of atmospheric air pressure.

In the Crucible, are there any quotes that highlight a woman as less powerful in the community of Salem? Thanks!

"She thinks to dance with me on my wife’s grave! And well she might, for I thought of her softly. God help me, I lusted, and there is a promise in such sweat. But it is a whore’s vengeance."

This quote by Proctor in the courtroom displays his condescending attitude towards women.  Although Abigail is clearly at fault, this quote by Proctor shows that he lusted, that he took advantage, and shows little attention to Abigail's feelings.

Parris: I have given you a home, child, I have put clothes upon your back-- now give me an upright answer. Your name in town-- it is entirely white, is it not?

Abigail: Why, I am sure it is, sir. There be no blush about my name.

In this exchange, Parris is challenging Abigail's reputation.  He has heard rumors.  Being so concerned about it shows the tremendous pressure women were under.  A double standard existed, in which the virtues of women were more insisted upon then the virtues of men.

What happens in Chapter 4 of the book Lyddie?

No doubt, Lyddie is struggling with her work at the tavern.  Luckily, Lyddie makes friends with the cook at the tavern named Triphena.  A natural born storyteller, Triphena tells Lyddie a very significant fable about two frogs who fall into a pail of milk.  The sides are too high for the two frogs to escape.  One frog, who sits there and accepts his fate, simply drowns in the milk.  The other frog, who does NOT accept his fate, in fact, he kicks and kicks and kicks in order to escape, is found perched on a little pat of (self-created) butter the next morning.  Triphena is trying to help encourage Lyddie to be that second frog, saying, "Some folks are natural born kickers."

Although Lyddie enjoys Triphena's fable, she still has a hard time with work and misses her family, especially her little brother, Charlie.  Charlie is able visit her for a little while, and Lyddie begins to lose some of the memories of the rest of her family (her mom, dad, and sisters). Lyddie is especially concerned that her little brother seems weak and hasn't grown much.

At the end of the chapter, Lyddie is surprised to learn how much money (one hundred dollars!) is offered to the lucky finders of runaway slaves from the South who travel to the North to find freedom.  Lyddie has never seen a runaway slaves, and she ponders what she would do if she saw one.  That amount of money would allow both Lyddie and Charlie to go home!  (However, it is important for the reader to realize that those runaway slaves are "natural born kickers," too.  A few more of those latter frogs.)

What is the conflict in "The Raven" by Edgar Allan Poe?

The conflict in Poe's poem is an internal one, as has been previously noted. Poe states the nature of this inner conflict early in the poem. He has been trying to achieve "surcease of sorrow for the lost Lenore" by burying himself in old books and trying to forget about her. But the Raven seems to him to be a messenger from the spirit world who has been sent there to keep reminding him of his loss. Instead of trying to forget about Lenore, he is forced to think about her more poignantly than he had been thinking before. So he imagines that her ghost has come back to visit him. He asks the Raven if there is "balm in Gilead," which is equivalent to asking if what the Bible has to say about immortality and resurrection has any truth and can offer him any comfort. But in the end he is defeated in his attempts to deal with his loss. This is symbolized by the Raven taking up a permanent station on the bust of Pallas and continuing to croak the single word "Nevermore." It seems as if the "rare and radiant" maiden the speaker loved so deeply has been replaced by a pet bird who is no comfort to him at all but a continual source of pain.

In To Kill a Mockingbird, how does Heck Tate (the sheriff) restrain himself in certain situations?FOR EXAMPLE: when he restrains himself from...

In Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird, Sheriff Heck Tate is a man who restrains his first impulses and defers them to his better judgment.  In Chapter 10 when a mad dog threatens the Finch neighborhood, Sheriff Tate hands his rifle to Atticus--to the surprise of Jem and Scout--saying, "Take him, Mr. Finch....this is a one-shot job!"  Tate knows that Atticus is a better shot than he.

In another episode, in Chapter 17 as Heck Tate testifies in the trial of Tom Robinson, Atticus Finch asks the sheriff about the condition in which he found Mayella after he was called to her home.  Mr. Tate responds to the question of which eye was blackened on Mayella,

It was her right eye, Mr. Finch.  I remember now, she was bunged up on that side of her face...

Then, he blinks as though "something had suddenly been made plain to him."  Turning his head, Mr. Tate looks at Tom Robinson.  Continuing his testimony, the sheriff reports that the girl's arms were bruised and the throat had finger marks all around.  When Atticus asks him if they were at the back of her neck, Mr. Tate replies,

Yes, sir, she had a small throat, anybody could'a reached around it with--

Atticus instructs the sherriff to just answer the question yes or no, and "Mr. Tate fell silent."  Realizing that providing too much information can be as damaging as not giving enough, Sherriff Tate restrains himself.

In the final scenes when Mr. Tate reports to Atticus what has happened to Bob Ewell, he discusses the attack on Jem,trying to calmly explain that Bob Ewell is the kind of man that "ain't worth the bullet it takes to shoot 'em"; he would think nothing of killing Atticus's children. 

Mr. Tate sighed.  'We'd better get on.  Scout, you heard him behind you...'

Tate controls himself in this situation, also, acting with professionalism as he makes inquires about what has transpired with Jem and Scout.

Compare and contrast Gatsby and Tom?How are they alike and different Given the extremely negative light in which Tom is portrayed throughout thenovel

Tom is portrayed negatively by the narrator Nick in The Great Gatsby, and Nick's negative view of Tom may be exacerbated (made worse) by Nick's Midwestern values.  If the narrator were from the East and an extremely wealthy man himself, his portrayal of Tom might be different.

At the same time, though Nick is opinionated, as any life-like fictional character is, he seems more than willing to relate multiple sides of characters.  He presents moments of Daisy's dazzling charm and beauty, but also presents her at times as shallow and greedy.  Jordan, too, is presented with positive, as well as negative, characteristics.  But Nick doesn't really reveal anything positive about Tom.  It's all negative.

That said, then, one can probably assume that while Tom's characterization in the novel may be slightly skewed by Nick, on the whole it's probably pretty accurate.

Concerning the comparisan you need:

• Tom is old money, Gatsby new


• Tom is a pragmatist, Gatsby an idealist


• Tom is practical, Gatsby is a romantic


• Tom is closed-minded, Gatsby open-minded, at least for the most part


• Tom is Eastern, Gatsby Midwestern

What is the plot of the story "The Rules of the Game" by Amy Tan?

At the beginning the narrator recalls, "I was six when my mother taught me the art of invisible strength. It was a strategy for winning arguments, respect from others, and eventually, though neither of us knew it at the time, chess games.” The plot concerns Waverly learning the “art of invisible strength,” which is Waverly's search for an identity that is both Chinese and American. After their fight and Waverly runs away, she eventually returns, and her mother says she will no longer have anything to do with her daughter.  Waverly imagines playing a game of chess with her mother where her mother's pieces conquer all of her own. However, the story ends with Waverly learning this “invisible strength” through her mother’s teachings: “As her men drew closer to my edge, I felt myself growing light. I rose up into the air and flew out the window. Higher and higher, above the alley, over the tops of tiled roofs, where I was gathered up by the wind and pushed up toward the night sky until everything below me disappeared and I was alone.  I closed my eyes and pondered my next move.” With invisible strength she can fly, become who she is on her own terms (“be alone”) and then make her next move in the metaphorical chess game of life.

What is the difference between liberalism, conservatism and radicalism when it comes to the economy?

If we're talking about modern days in the United States, here is the difference.

Liberals believe that the government should be pretty deeply involved in the economy.  They think that the government must do this to prevent unfairness to poorer people and to prevent companies from doing various kinds of bad things (pollution, low wages, etc).

Conservatives believe the government should leave the economy alone (if they are true conservatives).  They believe that a free market, left alone, will produce the best effects.

Radicals want the government to run the economy.  They want the government to not just regulate things but to actually own all the "means of production."  They want all companies to be run by the government.

When was "Annabel Lee" written? How did she die?

The poem was written in 1849. 

The poem, "Annabel Lee" does not state directly how Annabel Lee died.  In the 3rd stanza the line, "Chilling my Annabel Lee", and the lines in the 4th stanza, ..... , chilling / And killing my Annabel Lee" might indicate that she died of influenza or pneumonia which would have been common in the 19th century. This is conjecture, of course, since the poem does not represent any one person in particular.  Many have speculated that the inspiration for the poem was Poe's young wife, Virginia Clemm, but she outlived Poe so her death was not an issue with him.

What is the setting for "The Interlopers" and how does it contribute to the mood?

Saki’s “The Interlopers” is an ironic tale about a generational family feud that appears to be resolved until a surprise ending occurs. In this story, as in many stories, the setting is more important than just the simple reporting of the time and place in which the action occurs.

Good settings should complement and reflect upon a work’s mood and theme. This is often done symbolically, as aspects of the place(s) in the story represent characters’ attitudes, beliefs, hopes, fears, etc. Such symbolism, while not always immediately obvious to the reader, draws the reader deeper into the story.

The setting in “The Interlopers” is "the narrow strip of precipitous woodland" that the families of the two main characters have been conflicting over for several generations.

The land is not particularly valuable in and of itself; by establishing that the setting is a relatively meaningless piece of property, Sake has commented on the effect of possessiveness and spite: people are willing to kill and die for it. The mood here is somber.

When the two main characters are out hunting on this piece of land, the setting is described in a way that emphasizes the danger it represents, as one character has:

wandered far down the steep slopes amid the wild tangle of undergrowth, peering through the tree trunks and listening through the whistling and skirling of the wind and the restless beating of the branches.

So, at this point in the story the setting has done two things—established the characters’ greed, and foreshadowed a mood of dread and danger by establishing the situation the characters will soon find themselves in.

Once the characters encounter each other, the setting takes on a more symbolic function. As they stare each other down at gunpoint, a bolt of lightning shatters a nearby tree, which falls and pins them both to the ground:

A fierce shriek of the storm had been answered by a splitting crash over their heads, and ere they could leap aside a mass of falling beech tree had thundered down on them.

Look at what has happened with Saki’s depiction of the setting now: the men have each been injured and trapped by the tree, which is part of the property they are fighting over. Symbolically this presentation of the setting demonstrates the idea that greed and feuds will entrap people who engage in them. In this case, both men are imperiled by the same aspect (the tree) of the land they are fighting over.

Now the story moves into another phase. Since the men are trapped near each other, they can do nothing but think. They decide to end the feud. So the setting, by physically restraining the men, has brought about their reconciliation. This positive mood is short-lived; however, because the setting has one more blow to deal to the men. When they think they see men approaching them a distance away, the men believe they are about to be rescued. The only question is who the men are:

“Who are they?” asked Georg quickly, straining his eyes to see what the other would gladly not have seen.

“Wolves.”

The wolves, like the tree that trapped them, are also elements of this particular setting. The happy ending we thought we were about to get will not happen. By using the wolves to kill them (we can assume they were attacked by the wolves, although the story ends before this happens) Saki has brought about the men’s ultimate demise through the thing that actually caused their feud in the first place—the land (which is, of course, the setting). If the men had simply killed one another with gunfire we would not have the same symbolic significance. Saki leaves the readers in a cautionary mood--look what can happen when we place possessions above people. 

In "The Road Not Taken," what is the meaning of the last stanza?

The last stanza is much debated but there are a few clues as to its meaning.  Firstly, the narrator tell us with a 'sigh' which seems to indicate regret.  We know that the narrator is now speaking a long time later as he refers to the choice of path he made as being in the past.  "

"I shall be telling this with a sigh

Somewhere ages and ages hence:"

This gives the reader a sense of the future.  The narrator seems to indicate that he chose the less traveled road and that, that one choice in his life had made all the difference.

 Some critics consider the last stanza to be a celebration of non conformity meaning that because the narrator took the path less traveled in other words the unusual way - this action has made and defined even his future life.

Other critics tend to see this poem as sad.  The 'sigh' at the beginning of the last stanza indicates remorse and the distance between the choice of path and the time of narration indicates an older person looking back on life.  

To answer the last part of the question. If you accept the first interpretation of the poem (non conformity) then the reason he chose the less traveled road is to be a non conformist. If you accept the second interpretation, then you do not know why the narrator took the less traveled road - only that he regrets it. 

What were the major reasons for the suffering of women in Victorian England?

Three of the major reasons for the suffering of women in Victorian England were legal, religious, and ideological constraints. In terms of legal constraints, women were not recognized as having legal status while they were unmarried and living under their father's guardianship and, then again, once they were married. Women whose father had died and who had their own means of support--whether through inheritance or work--and who refused to marry or co-habitate could be considered legally independent.

Otherwise, women held no legal rights. Once married, they held no rights to their property or bodies. All their possessions were legally turned over to their husbands upon marriage. A husband could demand both conjugal and childbearing rights of his wife. Children were the property of the husband and could be taken from the wife or sent away without her consent. Should she choose to leave a violent marriage, she would leave penniless and without her children. If she were caught, she would be returned to her husband who had the right to punish and imprison her. Literature to the point is The Tenant of Wildfell Hall, A Dolls' House, Jane Eyre and David Copperfield.

In terms of religious constraints, the New Testament admonition to subordination of women to their husbands was raised to idolatrous standards and the Church of England condoned or, at best, turned its back on mistreatment given wives by their husbands. Additionally, women were typified as weak-minded individuals who were easily swayed by sin, vice and deceit and as the originators of the temptation that tore men from the Biblical Garden of Paradise, Eden; so women were not to be trusted.

This had ramifications in two directions. First, women were not to be trusted in terms of their power to seduce men away from moral conduct. Therefore their dress and deportment must at all times be the extreme of chaste and modest. Clothing of the Victorian period confined women's movement and endangered their health--much as women's clothing does now. Second, they were not to be trusted in the sense that they were not to be exposed to higher ideas such as men could objectively debate and judge as good or bad.

In terms of ideological constraints, women, at their best--when protected from deceit, sin and vice and covered up, thus hiding their seductive powers--were goddesses and angels of the home. They were recognized as the ones who would bear and rear the next generation of men (who would rule and expound untold great ideas) and women (who would bear and rear the next generation of great men and child-bearing women).

Even though women could independently educate themselves to the higher ideas of philosophy, science, and history (if permitted to do so), and even though women were permitted to be midwives and doctors, social pressures of criticism and ostracism were so great that few dared venture where permitted to go. Women of the upper classes restricted themselves to being nurses, writers and governesses. Women of the lower classes labored at menial jobs--domestic service, factory labor, farming--while trying to raise too many children with too little money--very much like women of lower classes do now.

what is the author attitude toward each of the character? and how she convey it?

The basic conflict in this story is Maggie's knowledge of every day things and her intention to use them for their purposes, and her sister (Dee), who considers herself more worldly and educated and who thinks these every day things should be hung up and admired as antiques.

Maggie is not stupid, but she is scarred from a housefire, and her confidence is lacking.  She is a humble, loving, and simple person who adores her mother and just wants to live.  She knows how to sew, quilt, and make butter like her mother and grandmother.

Her sister is lovely, has gone off to school, treats both Maggie and her mother as beneath her...almost embarrassing because of their simple and backward ways.  She is arrogant, not used to being told "no," and suddenly aware of her African roots as she indicates in her dress and her boyfriend who has adopted an African name than no one can pronounce.

Maggie is quiet and is used to giving in to her sister.  When her sister insists on the quilts that her mother has already promised to give Maggie as a wedding gift, Maggie slams the kitchen door to show her anger.  She does finally come back into the house resigned to give her sister her wedding quilts.  However, Mother finally stands up to Dee and tells her she can not take Maggie's quilts.

It is clear that the author admires Maggie and Momma and what they stand for more than Dee and her haughty ways.

DO YOU VIEW "THE WASTE LAND " AS A POEM OF DISILLUSION.

Eliot wrote this poem during the Modernist era, a period in literary history following WWI. The poem deals in death and dying, a common response to a world that has seen more than its fair share of both. The poem is set in April, which is described as "the cruelest month." Traditionally, April evokes images of spring and rebirth, but Eliot gives us a garden that has been planted with the seeds of devastation. In lines 71 to 73: "That corpse you planted last year in your garden, 'Has it begun to sprout? Will it bloom this year? 'Or has the sudden frost disturbed its bed?"

In order to answer your question, you must first consider why these images permeate Eliot's work as well as the works of other Modernist writers.Modernism came about as a reaction to WWI and the social conditions (particularly the working conditions) in the United States. It moved away from Realism (which presented ideas as closely to reality as possible) and stressed fractured and disjointed ideas. The "real" was still there but it was made more vivid. Additionally, three schools of thought emerged - Freud and his ideas of psychology, Marx and his ideas of social class structure and repression, and Nietzsche whose own philosophy was based around fragmented bits of great epiphanies of thought. All three philosophers saw that the world was falling apart - crime, brutal working conditions, poverty AND a war that had torn the world apart led to an overall sense of disillusionment - the world as a whole was often referred to as a Wasteland at this time, and Eliot's poem has later been alluded to in other works as symbolic of the imagery of the world as a wasteland.

With all of this in mind then, you must consider this - is this a poem of disillusionment, or is the sense of fracturing and isolation, hopelessness and despair, an overt call to examine this world and pit things right again? Keep in mind that Eliot did not write poetry for the masses - he wrote for an educated elite who were literate, sophisticated, and would easily understand his rhetoric. As such, while YES, this is a poem of disillusionment, it is also a poem of conscience.

In The Namesake, what are the literary techniques used?

Some literary techniques used by Jhumpa Lahiri in The Namesake include sensory detail, description, imagery. Literary techniques are a category of the two literary devices from which an author chooses freely to create the details of a novel, play, poem or short story. Literary elements, on the other hand, include tone and mood (also called atmosphere). Lahiri's narratorial tone is objective, though sympathetic, and confident. The mood she creates within the setting of the story varies. For example, it is sometimes one of thoughtfulness and sometimes one of agitated discontent.

Of literary techniques, Lahiri uses many sensory details in The Namesake. She tells the texture, smell and appearance of things from food to clothes. In close connection with sensory detail, Lahiri also gives detailed descriptions of what her characters wear, where they go, what they look at as well as what their feelings and actions are. The imagery--the mental visions triggered by the sensory detail and descriptive detail--is heightened to a level that some critics called "lyrical," which is akin to poetical.

Should the nature of the crime affect the defendant’s opportunity to plea bargain?Plea bargaining is another controversial practice in the...

I agree with the above post.  Prohibiting the ability of prosecutors to agree to a plea bargain in any situation compromises the way they do their job. In some situations, particularly those of sexual assault, it can be difficult to prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt in the absence of physical evidence, so the plea bargain is a way they can get prison time and a criminal record for offenders without taking the risk of acquittal and nothing happening to them at all.

Requiring a trial for that kind of violent crime, besides being expensive and time consuming, would not necessarily reduce the violent crime rate or make society any safer.  And if a policy does not result in either of those two, I'd say it would be an unwise policy.

In Catcher in the Rye, what is the significance of the Natural History Museum and what does this tell us about the main character Holden Caufield ?

Holden loved going to the museum as a younger child. Based on his narrative, the constancy of the museum appealed to him—the exhibits never changed no matter how much his own life did. It’s worth noting that the changes Holden is thinking about are all negative, like kids getting a disease or parents fighting at home.

His narrative also focuses on how people would be a little “different” every time they went to the museum. He is resistant to the idea of change. This is what concerns him when he thinks about his sister Phoebe going to the museum with her classes like he did. She would be changing each time too, and that is something he does not like the thought of. His sister, who is still young, is one of his favorite people and he does not want her to change. Perhaps he is afraid that she will be subjected to the same disappointments and problems that he has been struggling with.

I kept thinking about old Phoebe going to that museum on Saturdays the way I used to. I thought how she’d see the same stuff I used to see, and how she’d be different every time she saw it . . . Certain things should stay the same.

When he gets to the museum he decides not to go in. He says “It just didn’t appeal to me.” Why? Perhaps it is because now he knows that changes are inevitable—he isn’t going to be able to stop them from happening to himself or to people he cares about, like Phoebe.

Use 'Police Camera Action!' as an example of 'crime in the media' and explain what research methods (from the list below) were used to gain the...

The reality UK show Police Camera Action! is the UK variant of the US reality show "COPS". In both shows there are several ways to research crime as a way to educate the media about a typical day in a police station.

Participant and non participant observation- This technique is used by observing the criminals in action either during a chase, or while they are getting arrested by other officers in the act. Non-participant observation is the observations made on the family members, friends, or other witnesses that are at the scene. These are usually who speak to the camera while the arrest takes place.

Face to Face interviews occur during questioning. This is not the same as an interrogation, however, because the latter is often an offical request from the police department. During face to face interviews, the police are often seen asking the suspect questions as to what they are doing at the moment, and where are they heading. These interviews give lots of hints to the police officer as to when and how to arrest a person.

Although questionnaires are not often seen in the show, it is assumed that the surveys and questions asked to witnesses as to who perpetrated their homes, or who are their primary suspects could count as an informal questionnaire. Police reports and charge come in the form of questionnaires for the people to fill. However, these are just assumptions, as the show does not spend enough time in this area- presumably they do this behind the cameras.

The use of official statistics is sometimes used in the show to provide background information on a specific criminal trend, so that the audience can appreciate the depth of importance of the arrest or investigation at hand. These statistics, however, are mostly given solely for extra information and not as a basis to conduct a new investigation. Not for the show, anyways.

Using these four techniques, the cameras were able to catch them in practice, allowing the public to be a part of the action by becoming witnesses of the actions and duties of the police through reality television.

Calculate the following expressions: a) (x+3)^2-(x-3)^2+(x+3)(x-3) b) (x^2+x+1)-(x+1)^2 c) (x+2)(x^2-2x+4)-(x-3)(x^2+3x+9)

a) E(x)= (x+3)^2-(x-3)^2+(x+3)(x-3)

(x+3)^2=x^2+2*3*x+9 

(x-3)^2=x^2-2*3*x+9

(x+3)(x-3) = x^2-9

E(x)= x^2+2*3*x+9 – (x^2-2*3*x+9) + x^2-9

E(x)= x^2+2*3*x+9 – x^2+2*3*x-9 + x^2-9

After the process of reducing similar terms, the expression will become:

 E(x)= x^2 + 12x -9

b) E(x)= (x^2+x+1)-(x+1)^2

(x+1)^2= x^2 +2x + 1

E(x)= (x^2+x+1)-( x^2 +2x + 1)

If we are substituting x^2 +2x + 1 with a letter, t, the expression will become

E(t)=t-t

E(t)=0

So, the expression is not depending on the variable. 

c) E(x)= (x+2)(x^2-2x+4)-(x-3)(x^2+3x+9)

E(x)=x*(x^2-2x+4)+2*(x^2-2x+4)-x*(x^2+3x+9)+3*(x^2+3x+9)

E(x)= x^3-2x^2+4x+2x^2-4x+8- x^3-3x^2-9x+3x^2+9x+27

After the process of reducing similar terms, the expression will become:

E(x)=8+27

E(x)=35

This expression does not depend on any variable, also.