How would an Elizabethan audience respond to a specific line? How would a modern audience respond?

I imagine you are looking for a line to be used as an example.

Take this discussion from the beginning of Romeo and Juliet: 

SAMPSON 
A dog of that house shall move me to stand: I will
take the wall of any man or maid of Montague's.

GREGORY 
That shows thee a weak slave; for the weakest goes
to the wall.

SAMPSON 
True; and therefore women, being the weaker vessels,
are ever thrust to the wall: therefore I will push
Montague's men from the wall, and thrust his maids
to the wall.

GREGORY 
The quarrel is between our masters and us their men.

SAMPSON 
'Tis all one, I will show myself a tyrant: when I
have fought with the men, I will be cruel with the
maids, and cut off their heads.

GREGORY 
The heads of the maids?

SAMPSON 
Ay, the heads of the maids, or their maidenheads;
take it in what sense thou wilt.

This discussion about women to an Elizabethan audience might have been very funny in a dirty way. A woman's maidenhead referred to her virginity. Sampson is essentially talking about having relations with these women of the Montagues.

An Elizabethan audience would either be disturbed or humored by this discussion, while a modern audience would be confused by the vocabulary of the word maidenhead.