"Flat" characters are characters which don't change in the course of a plot. They are usually minor characters, used for plot purposes such as moving the action along or revealing secrets. In Romeo and Juliet, there are some flat characters that come to mind.
The nurse can be considered a flat character. Her purpose in the play is to help Romeo and Juliet get married. She is Juliet's closest confidant, and she meets with Romeo on her behalf to arrange the marriage time and place. But she is more comic relief than a fleshed-out character.
Another flat character is Benvolio. He is the same throughout the entire play, solid, temperate, and loyal. The irony is that others accuse him of being hot-tempered and wild, when they are the hot-tempered ones. This is a classic Shakespearean character type.
A way in which you can show these flat characters through text is by comparing early and later dialogue. For example, compare Benvolio's reaction to the first street fight and his attempt to stop the deadly duel between Mercutio and Tybalt.
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