first of all we have two types of bonds : ionic bond and covalent bond ,,the ionic bond occures between two elements (a metal & a non metal)where the metallic element lose 1,2 or 3 elecrons giving them to the non-metalic element (example : sodium (Na)and it's atomic number is 11 can be combined during chemical reactions with a non-metal as chlorine (Cl) and it's atomic number is 17 ) ,,,Sodium loses an atom & chlorine takes it ,,,and the reason is simple ,,,that occures because each elemen wants to have only 8 elecrons in it's outermost enery level in order to be in a stabled state
Covalent bond : occures between two non-metals by sharing electrons (a chlorine atom shares another chlorine atom by 1 electron) why?? because chlorine has 7 electrons it it's outer energy level so it needs only another one to have 8 elecrons in the outer level ( it gains it by sharing of course)
now you want to know WHAT ABOUT NOBLE GASES ? : these elements don't make ionic or covalent bond because if you make electronic configration to anyone of them , you find that each one already has 8 electrons in the outer energy level thus sharing or losing electrons is meaningless for them (ex. neon (Ne) it's atomic no. is 10 the k level takes 2 electrons & the L level takes 8 electrons ) EXCEPT THE HELIUM whish is also a noble gas but has 2 electrons filling the level k copmletely thau it needs no more electrons
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