List one metaphor and one alliteration in the poem "If". How are they so effective and what do they mean and convey?"If" by Rudyard Kipling

One example of alliteration in this poem can be found in the second stanza.  Here, Kipling says

If you can bear to hear the truth you've spoken
Twisted by knaves to make a trap for fools

In these two lines, there six words that start with the letter "t."  I think that the hard sound of the "t" reinforces the negative feel of this.  The sounds of "twisted," "to," and "trap" sound a little violent, just like the action.

I think that a metaphor can be found in the last stanza.  There, Kipling says

If you can fill the unforgiving minute
With sixty seconds' worth of distance run

He is using running as a metaphor for life.  He is saying that you have to try your hardest all the time, even if it leaves you exhausted, which is what running does.