In Walk Two Moons, why is the plaster wall in Bybanks, Kentucky important to the story?

The plaster wall is an analogy that helps the reader understand the structure of the story, as well as the central theme, which is the search for, and acceptance of, the truth. Salamanca says,

"My father started chipping away at a plaster wall in the living room of our house in Bybanks shortly after my mother left us one April morning...Each night as he waited to hear from my mother, he chipped away at that wall...On the night that we got the bad news - that she was not returning - he pounded and pounded on that wall with a chisel and a hammer...Hidden behind the wall was a brick fireplace."

Sal's father's act of chipping away at the plaster is representative of his search for the truth of what was happening in Sal's mother's life. Once he hears that she is not going to be returning, he has discovered the truth, as shown by the revelation of the brick fireplace underneath all the plaster.

Sal's finding and acceptance of the truth is more complicated than her father's. She at first is not sure in her mind what has happened with her mother, and is unable to even entertain the idea that she might be dead. It is only through following the path of her mother's journey, "walk(ing) two moons" in her moccasins, so to speak, and through the telling of her friend Phoebe's story, that Sal is finally able to accept the reality of what has occurred. Sal needs Phoebe's story to help her face the fact that her mother went away for reasons of her own, and will not be coming back. She observes rightly that

"The reason Phoebe's story reminds me of that plaster wall and the hidden fireplace is that beneath Phoebe's story was another one. Mine" (Chapter 1).

At the end of the story, Sal extends the analogy a step further, developing the theme of the interrelationship of individuals and the need to explore our understanding of them. She says,

"Lately, I've been wondering if there might be something hidden behind the fireplace, because just as the fireplace was behind the plaster wall and my mother's story was behind Phoebe's, I think there was a third story behind Phoebe's and my mother's, and that was about Gram and Gramps."

By "walk(ing) two moons" in her grandparents' moccasins through the act of taking a trip with them, Sal realizes that they have a story worth knowing as well (Chapter 44).

What is the chemical formula for aluminum?I have a project due and that is the last thing I need and I can't find it anywhere.

Aluminum is a light weight silver colour metal with chemical symbol 'Al'.In periodic table it appears in the group of 'other metals'.

It is the third most common element after oxygen and silicon. Also it is the most plentiful metal in earth's crust.

Some properties of pure aluminium are given below.

Atomic number ... 13

Atomic weight  ... 26.9815

Density      ... .... 2.7 g/cc

Melting point   ... 660.2 degrees C

Aluminium has very good strength to weight and strength to electrical conductivity. This makes aluminium suitable for many application in engineering, construction and electrical industry applications.

Please explain to me the import of a quote, written by Tonny Tanner, concerning Jane Austen.Here is the quote: That Jane Austen held many Tory...

While many of Jane Austen's novels subtly and comically criticize a woman's dependence upon marriage as a means of social standing and economic security, she nevertheless ends her novels with the heroine(s) getting married.  Thus, it sometimes appears that she is yet complacent with her Tory society.

Another common criticism of Jane Austen is her acceptance of the class structure in her society; like the Bennet family of her novel Pride and Prejudice, she lived on the fringes of upper-class British society. But in this mentioned novel, Austen satirizes the patriarchal society in which she lived.  For example, Austen sets her plot around the Bennet girls' urgency to find husbands because if their father were to die, the estate would go to their cousin, the superficial and irritating clergyman, Mr. Collins.  But, when Mr. Collins proposes marriage to his cousin, Elizabeth Bennet, she refuses him despite her mother's pleas to be practical. Then, Collins turns around and marries her friend Charlotte, instead, proving his superficiality and hopes of inheriting the estate.  Later, however, sisters of Elizabeth marry and she marries Mr. Darcy, a very wealthy gentleman.  And, through the character of Mr. Darcy, Austen satirizes the supercilious wealthy gentleman even though she does have her heroine Elizabeth finally succumb to his better qualities and marry him.

Still, at the end of her novel, Jane Austen dramatizes this pragmatic desire of Elizabeth to find a husband that yet conflicts with her idealism and romanticism, implying that it may not be possible

to reconcile her independence and naturalness with Mr. Darcy's conservatism and conventionalty.

While critics complain that Austen has "Tory sympathies" and complacency with her society, Arthur Kettle dismisses Austen's complacency pointing to her affect upon subsequent authors:

....after Jane Austen, the great novels of the nineteenth century are all, in their different ways, novels of revolt. The task of the novelist was yhe same as it has always been--to achieve realism (with whatever innovations of form and structure their needs must discover) the truth about life as it faced them.  But to do this, to cut through the sholw complex structure of inhumanity and false feeling that ate into the consciousness world; it was necessary to become a rebel...The great novelists were rebels and the measure of their greatness is found in the last analysis to correspond with the degree and the consistency of their rebellion.  It was not always a conscious intellectualized rebellion...very seldom was it based on anything like a sociological analysis.  It was, rather, a rebellion of the spirit, of the total consciousness, and it was only indirectly reflected in the lives the writers led.

How was The Masque of Red Death influenced by Poe's life experiences?

Poe's life as a young man was shrouded in death. Both his mother and his beloved foster mother died from tuberculosis. Then his wife, who was also his young cousin, died at a young age from tuberculosis as well. Poe lost the three most signifcant women in his life to the same horrible disease. He constantly battled depression, debt, poverty, and alcoholism. These experiences led him to write the Masque of the Red Deathto illustrate his own feelings about everyone's inability to escape death no matter how happy or rich someone might be, not one soul will be able to escape the clutches of death.

What is the conclusion to the story Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry?

There is not a "pat" answer to the conclusion of the novel.  Although all of the Logan's have an inner strength and have come through violent storms (both weather-related and emotional), the family knows that the troubles, like the rain, are cyclical.  T.J. in particular knows that though the beating and arrest are behind him, the problems of racism are sure to return again, like the wind, the dust, and the rain.  Still, the family, after their turbulent year, feels better equipped to deal with the problems that are sure to come their way. 

In Chapter 7 of Lord of the Flies, why does Simon tell Ralph that "you" will get back all right?

Simon is the boy who provides Ralph with emotional encouragement, in the same way Piggy provides him with intellectual support. In this scene in chapter 7, Simon senses that Ralph is worried about never being rescued because of the huge ocean that separates them from their home. As a very sensitive and empathic person, Simon has read Ralph's thoughts. More than that, though, he has sized up the other boys on the island and evaluated their situation from a perspective no one else has. He is the only one who, when he thinks of the beast, sees with "his inward sight the picture of a human at once heroic and sick." He suggests about the beast in chapter 5, "maybe it's only us." He was right there when Jack beat Piggy and broke his glasses, and in a conversation with Piggy and Ralph where Piggy warned Ralph of Jack's hatred, Simon concurred. When Simon says "you"ll" get back to where you came from, he may have a premonition that he himself won't. This foreshadows Simon's vision and death in chapter 8 and his death in chapter 9.

Gatsby becomes a wealthy business man by doing illegal business. Please explain and example.

Jay Gatsby gets most of his wealth from his illegal business in liquor smuggling.  This book is set during the Prohibition era in the United States (1919-1933).  During this time, it was illegal to produce, transport, or sell alcoholic beverages.  Because of this, and because people still wanted to drink, there was a huge black market for alcohol.

In real life, many bootleggers got rich off of this illegal trade.  In the book, Gatsby gets rich in this same fashion.  You can get confirmation of this, for example, in Chapter 7.  Tom accuses Gatsby and Wolfsheim of having been bootleggers and Gatsby does not deny it.

He and this Wolfsheim bought up a lot of side-street drug-stores here and in Chicago and sold grain alcohol over the counter. That’s one of his little stunts. I picked him for a bootlegger the first time I saw him, and I wasn’t far wrong.”

In Huckleberry Finn, how do Pap and Huck feel toward each other?

The above is completely correct, but I think there's more depth to the relationship as well. For instance, Huck does eventually run away from him, likely due to the beatings and other associated mistreatment...but there is an element of Huck that enjoys being in the woods with his father, so he doesn't have to be "sivilized" all the time.

It's kind of a relationship out of necessity; Huck may hate the way he is treated, and eventually fakes his own death to get away. This is not to mention that his father is ultimately killed for real, so we know he's a terrible person. There is, though, something about the escape from society that his father provides, and it seems like Huck wishes his father would be a decent human being.

Dave Becker 

In the Miracle Worker, do you think Helen's worst handicap is deafness or blindness?

Wow, it's hard to choose, the combination of the two makes everything so difficult.  In Act II, the fight between Annie and the Captain begins because Helen keeps breaking things while he is trying to carry on a conversation.  If she had seen them, she might not have broken them.  Or maybe she would have, because the destructive acts seem to be more borne out of frustration that "oops," you know? 

Hearing might have made life easier for Helen because she could have understood the names of things and thus more easily understood how objects relate to people (and vice-versa) as well as their purposes. 

I can not seem to find the quote about Pecola's mom saying that she was ugly when she was a baby. Does anyone know where that quote is?

You can find this in the section called, "Spring" and it is in the second chapter of Spring.  This section deals with Pauline and her childhood, falling in love with Cholly and having the children.  In my book, it is in a section which is italized and starts off, "The onliest time I be happy..." and ends with her saying, "Head full of pretty hair, but Lord she was ugly." I have the Vintage copy of the book and it is on page 98.

In Shirley Jackson's story "The Lottery" of what is Tessie symbolic?"The Lottery"

Representative of one of the few rebellious voices in Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery" who protest unthinking tradition, Tessie Hutchinson, who has drawn the card with the black dot, complains against her being chosen as the victim, declaring that the lottery is "not fair." 

But, perhaps, as a symbol, Tessie stands for the oppressed woman in a male-dominated society. For one thing, in the arrangement of the lottery, women are assigned to the households of their husbands and are given little voice.  And, it is the man who draws the slips: 

'There goes my old man,' Mrs. Delacroix said.  She held her breath while her husband went forward.In an instance of delineating female from male authority, Jackson writes that when Mrs. Martin calls over her son Bobby,

he ducked under his mother's grasping hand, and ran, laughing, back to the pile of stones....By now, all through the crowd there were men holding the small folded paper in their large hands, turning them over and over....  

Not only are Tessie's protests ignored by the man in charge of the lottery, Mr. Summers, but they are given no consideration by her husband, Bill Hutchinson.  When Mr. Summers says, "Show us her paper, Bill," Tessie's husband offers no objections; instead, he forces the slip of paper out of her hand, and holds it up for all to see.  The other women, who must "stand by their husbands" make no protest on her behalf, also demonstrating their repression.

Try to tell me the seven elements that norval used in his picture.

 Spirit Fish is a vivid representation of a modern style symbolism.  Jean Baptiste Normand Henri Morrisseau was an artist who used the symbols of the earth in his work.  He is a contemporary aboriginal artist.  He used his art to bring awareness to the beauty of his culture.  In regards to the elements:

1.) Color-His fish is vivid with a wide color palette.

Value-He used rich bright colors.

Line-He uses dark bold lines that curve.  They outline the colors making them seem more vivid.

Space-He uses a lighter background to allow the fish to appear to be on top of the background.

Value-The painting is all solid and so the value is strong.

Texture- The fish is two dimensional.

Form-The form is also two dimensional giving the fish a look that allows the viewer to move around it and it appears as if it is slightly elevated off of the camera.

2)  The symbol of the fish represeents the journey of life.

3)  You have to give your own opinion here. 

4.) The picture appears to be a fish with movement and strength within.  Its colors are vibrant and happy.  It indicates to me the joy of the journey of life.

How is Mme. Loisel characterized in "The Necklace"?

Mme. Loisel is characterized as a woman unhappy with her life because she feels she was meant to live a more glamorous one. From the beginning of the story, she imagines herself surrounded by finer things, even though her actual life is very ordinary.

When her husband comes home with the invitation to the party, Mme. Loisel initially refuses to go because she complains that she has nothing to wear. M. Loisel selflessly offers her his savings to buy a dress. She borrows the jewels that ultimately lead to her downfall.

At the party, she is the happiest she's ever been because she is viewed as a society woman in her beautiful dress and gorgeous jewels, (which is what she has believed she should be all along). She prolongs the evening, not wanting it to end, and then ultimately and irrevocably changes her and her husband's lives forever by losing the necklace.

What are 3 important symbols in the fight with Assef and Amir? Analyze what they mean.

In the book "The Kite Runner" the fight between Assef and Amir has been coming for many years.  Years before Assef had raped Hassan, Amir's friend and unbeknownst to him at the time, half-brother.  Assef was a bully and a sadest.  He tormented the children in the neighborhood including Amir.  Hassan had always stood up for Amir, but Amir did not return the favor when Hassan needed him. Amir had spent his life as an insominac over the situation.

WhenAmir goes to get Hassan's son, he is confronted by Assef who has control of the boy.  Sohrab has his father's face and skin.  When Amir sees him he is brought back to the memory of the boy's father.  The boy is dressed like a girl and he places his hands around the boy and makes the boy dance.  In this way the boy is a symbol of what had happened to his father at Assef's hands.  Assef means his actions as a slap in the face to Amir.

The confrontation is a symbol as well since it represents the stand that Amir finally takes.  His father Baba had tried to get his son to have courage and take a stand.  Assef makes Amir fight for the boy.  It is the fight that was meant to happen many years before.

Assef puts on brass knuckles and begins to beat Amir.  However, instead of Amir panicking or crying he starts laughing.  He realizes it was meant to happen.  The fight i some way symbolizes the punishment he must take for not having helped Hassan.

Sohab pulls out his slingshot and puts a brass ball in it.  The boy shoots his tormentor in the eye.  Assef falls to the floor screaming, but he has the music playing and can not be heard.  The boy and Amir escape.  Sohab's protection of Amir symbolizes the protection that his father had also provided Amir.

Amir is left with a scar on his lip.  His lip is split  which also symbolizes the split (hare lip) of Hassan's that had to be repaired.  He has faced his fears and let go of his guilt and shame.

I need an event that parallels Macbeth's distrust for his citizens. Is there any news events that can be tied to this?I'm writing an essay on...

At some level, Macbeth's distrust for his citizens comes out of a deeper angst which is tearing away at him.  The act of murder to consolidate or gain power seems to be eating away at him, which is why Banquo's ghost appears to him when no one else can see the vision.  The distrust of his citizens and need to go back to the witches for counsel arises out of the act which has caused great consternation.  I would think that President Johnson might have been in a similar situation. As the war in Vietnam underwent massive escalation, and the political fallout was becoming more apparent towards the end of his term, he was doubting many around him and the the public, in general.  Convinced that none of this would have been around had President Kennedy had lived, Johnson's frustration with those around him arose from the fundamental problem which was the war's escalation.  The murder of Banquo and the increase in the war effort could have been the two acts to inspire a great deal of doubting and uncertainty in both Macbeth and President Johnson.

What's the difference between social policy and public policy?

Social policy is one subset of public policy.  So all social policy is public policy, but not all public policy is social policy.

The term "social policy" is typically used to refer to policies that have to do with people's welfare.  These would include policies affecting public health, education, criminal justice, and other such things.

Public policy, on the other hand, can refer to any policy taken by the government.  Public policy that would not typically be seen as social policy would include such things as environmental policy or tax policy or the space program.  Of course these things affect people's welfare, but they are not so directly connected to it.

I want to know how the speaker presented in the ''i have a dream'' speech and what did he do that was so effective? :)

The location and timing of his speech was another thing that made it so effective.  He gave his speech on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, in front of the statue of the man who freed the slaves nearly one hundred years earlier, in part because of the majesty of the setting in the nation's capital, and near the White House, and in part because it had been almost a century since slavery ended, and he wanted to drive home the point that African-Americans had been waiting far too long for some semblance of equality in the United States.

His speech took place during the March on Washington in 1963, as hundreds of thousands of blacks and whites came to the capital in a show of support for a new Civil and Voting Rights Act.

King was also a master at speech delivery, and knew the "I have a Dream" line was the strongest of his speech, so he timed its delivery right at the point where it would get the largest response, and accentuate his main points perfectly.  The fact that he was a southern Baptist preacher didn't hurt either and heavily influenced how he delivered his speeches.  He also liked to introduce scripture into his speeches to add the weight of religious authority to his cause and motivate his supporters.

What are some world connections or universal themes in Of Mice and Men?

I'm not exactly what you mean by this question, but I'm going to assume that you're asking about the universality of the book or its universal themes. While this novel has several themes that are seen throughout (see the link below) there are some that stand out more than others.

Loneliness is a very prevalent theme for several characters throughout the novel and the way that each copes with it is different (see the 2nd link to the DB). This is universal because everyone can identify with feelings of alienation and isolation at some point in their lives. 

Loyalty and friendship are other very prominent themes in the book. Lennie and George are loyal to each other even in the face of much adversity. They have a close friendship which is what feeds their loyalty. For George, loyalty is even tougher because he has to make several sacrifices, namely gainful employment, on Lennie's behalf. His biggest sacrifice was at the end of the novel when George kills Lennie to save him from the torture the men hunting him might have inflicted. Loyalty and friendship have a definite universality.

There are several others so visit the link below because all of them can relate to the world today. This probably lends to the fact that this is such a widely read novel. 

What would be a possible thesis statement for chapter 2 of The Scarlet Letter?

is your project to write a literary analysis of some aspect of the chapter?  If so, in tackling the interesting topics the other responder suggests, consider how the narrator provides dignity to Hester--how does he render her so that we identify with her rather than the crowd that ridicules or at least disparages her as less good than they think themselves to be. What is the point of view in this section that allows us to understand her value and feel compassion if not respect for her? What language does he use in referring to the crowd that does not feel this compassion?  These are a few questions to ask yourself (find the answers with quotations and page numbers) in formulating a thesis on this chapter.

What is the theme in the story of "THE LOTTERY TICKET" by Anton Chekhov?

I'd say the theme of "The Lottery" by Anton Chekhov is that your outlook on life in general, and on your situation in particular, is based on the possibilities open to you. Those possibilities, of course, are based on your employment, your financial situation, etc. Once you've adjusted yourself to your particular niche in life, you find your happiness and contentment in that situation. But if a different, perhaps better, possibility opens up, or there's even a hint that such a possibility may come open, you begin thinking of newer things that might now be available to you. The problem is, if the possibility does not materialize, you are left with a bitter taste in your mouth.

Full elaboration in my article at link provided.

What does everyone gather to see at Mrs. Brown's house during the middle of the night in the book Out of the Dust?

Mrs. Brown is a woman who lives in the area of Oklahoma where the story takes place; her home is within walking distance from Bilie Jo's house. Mrs. Brown owns a cereus plant, a desert cactus variety which blooms in the night. Mrs. Brown has sent word that the plant will be blooming on Saturday night, and has promised that Billie Jo can come and see it. Had her mother been alive, she would not have allowed Billie Jo to go alone so late at night, but in her mother's absence, Billie Jo's father just stands in the doorway and watches Billy Jo leave.

A small crowd has gathered at Mrs. Brown's when Billie Jo arrives at three in the morning. The blossom had opened at midnight, "when the sun couldn't scorch it, when the wind was quiet." Billie Jo wonders how "such a flower (can) find a way to bloom in this drought," but bloom it does. At dawn, in the first morning light, the flower will wilt and die, but Billie Jo does not stay to see this.

The cereus flower is symbolic of Billie Jo's life, and her potential to bloom even in the stark, unforgiving environment of the Oklahoma dustbowl. The fact that Billie Jo does not stay to see its demise when the sun rises might be indicative that she herself will not wither away when harder times come, but will have moved on to live a full life, in celebration of her own awakening ("Night Bloomer - September 1934").

Which of Connie's traits makes her vulnerable to becoming the victim of Arnold Friend?

On the surface, Connie's vulnerability is evident through her adolescent curiosity, her smug arrogance, and the self-knowledge that she possesses about her own good looks.  Her sister June has followed the path of the straight and narrow; Connie, however, is more of a rebel and much more easily swayed by someone who is at least a "bad boy" and at worst something more sinister.  Connie clearly wants to break free of her parental bonds, and Arnold represents just the type of escape she is looking for.  However, her naivte (and the fact that, like Holden Caulfiled, she is teetering on the brink of childhood and adulthood) about the adult world blinds her from seeing just how dangerous a threat Arnold is. 

On a deeper level, the story is a commentary on the dull, uninspiring life of suburban America.  Connie is lost among cookie-cutter houses, boring afternoon barbeques, and redundant trips to the mall.  Like many American teenagers, the movies and the mall are about the only places for teens to hang out, and here comes Arnold Fiend (er, Friend, if you get my meaning) like a character out of a James Dean movie: leather jacket, souped-up car, slick hair, and a bad attitude.  He is the "danger" that is missing from her life.  Her failure to avoid his charms is ultimately the testament to her vulnerability.

What is the crucible about?

The play "The Crucible" is a play that relates to the witch trials in Salem and the consequences that can occur when people go off on a superstitious tangent.

John Proctor has an affair with a hired girl named Abigail.  He feels guilty so he tells his wife that he is thinking about the girl inappropriately.  Elizabeth (Goody) Proctor sends the girl away.  Later she is told by John that he actually had a relationship with the girl.

Abigail becomes the center of the town when she begins to state she is seeing people perform bewitching things to her.  Her female friends go along with her.  The situation becomes so severe that the townspeople call for an expert to come in and make sure if al the people who have been arrested are really guilty of engaging in the supernatural.  Reverend Hale comes to the town.

A series of interrogations occurs.  Abigail wanting Proctor and angered at his rejection lies about his wife saying Goody Proctor has done something to her by using a doll.  Elizabeth is charged with witchcraft.  In addition, the frenzy gets so crazy that who ever someone does not like, they are accused of witchcraft.

John Proctor feels terrible guilt for his wife's situation and tries to tell the truth, but he is not believed.  However, the Reverend believes that the people are innocent and tries to convince Danforth.  Danforth refuses to believe him.  People who are innocent die because of false accusations.

In Chapter 19 of To Kill a Mockingbird, what about Tom's voice was swaying Scout's opinion of him, and how did he fix the old door?

The fact that Tom's voice was quiet, "with no hint of whining," made Scout want to believe what he was saying.

Atticus had taught his children to be perceptive. Scout recalled that he "sometimes said that one way to tell whether a witness was lying or telling the truth was to listen rather than watch," and as Atticus questioned Tom Robinson, Scout applied her father's teachings. She noticed that when Atticus asked Tom if he had "ever set foot on the Ewell property without an express invitation from one of them," he responded three times in the negative. Although Scout thought that by repeating himself three times, Tom was protesting too much, she still found herself inclined to believe him because of the quality of his voice. Tom spoke "quietly, with no hint of whining in his voice," indicating to Scout that he was telling the truth.

Tom did not actually fix the old door, because there was nothing wrong with it. Mayella had asked him to come inside, telling him, "I got somethin' for you to do in the house...th' old door's off its hinges an' fall's comin' on pretty fast." Tom asked Mayella for a screwdriver, but when he looked at the door, he "pulled it back'n forth," only to find that "those hinges was all right." Mayella had lied about the door needing fixing to lure Tom Robinson inside the house, where she hoped to get him to make love with her (Chapter 19).

What are some positives/advantages of corporal punishment?Corporal punishment may be divided into three main types: parental or domestic corporal...

From a parent to a child, corporal punishment can be used effectively for a child to whom it causes changed behavior. When safety is at work, corporal punishment is often necessary. For example, if a child is to run out into the street and the child is just 2-3 years old still learning language, the idea of the sidewalk as a boundary must be made clear before the child gets hit by a car. This is an advantage of corporal punishment, saving the life of a child by intstilling the fear that a child will feel a sting if not following the stated rule.

Another positive is the quick execution. Once administered, a conversation of loving expectations must ensue. The child needs to know punishment is done out of love, not anger. Then, there are no lingering feelings, the child doesn't suffer weeks of being grounded, and understands not to repeat that behavior.

What is a state and why are they important?

This really depends on what discipline you are talking about.

In international relations, a state is what we usually call a country.  It is an entity that is sovereign within its own boundaries and has no higher government that has the right to tell them what to do.

In international relations, the realists say that states are important because they are the only important actors in international affairs.  Only states do anything -- individuals, non-governmental organizations, none of these mean anything to the realists.

Within US politics, states are the level of government below the national government.  They are important because many of the policies vary by state (things like tax policies and welfare program).

Which character is symbolically linked to a mockingbird? Why?

There are actually two. Tom Robinson is like a mockingbird. He has done nothing wrong, yet he is found guilty of a crime he did not commit and sentenced to prison where he dies. It is a sin that this was allowed to happen.

Boo Radley can also be viewed as a mockingbird. Scout observes, after overhearing Heck Tate and Atticus discuss what to do about Bob Ewell's murder, that putting Boo through a trial would be like killing a mockingbird. Boo has done nothing wrong but silently observe - and once in awhile interact - with the children. When they needed his protection, he didn't hesitate to protect them. Putting this shy, reclusive man on trial for saving Jem and Scout would be like killing a mockingbird. Who knows what kind of effect it would have on him? So Heck Tate states that Bob Ewell simply fell on his knife and Scout walks Boo home.

Give an example of a way to choose a sample of students that is poor practice because it depends on voluntary response

I assume that you are talking about something to do with opinion polling or some other thing like that and random sampling.

So, one way that this could happen would be if, for example, you were trying to find out how smart the average student is.  If you asked "who would like to take an intelligence test" you would likely get a skewed sample because of the selection effect.  Most likely, the students who chose to take the test would be the smartest students and your numbers would be higher than they ought to be.

I hope this is what you are asking.

Describe Juliet's feelings in Act II, Scene 5 as she waits for the Nurse and then as she waits for the Nurse to reveal Romeo's message.

Juliet has fallen instantly in love with Romeo just the night before at the masked ball put on by her father. Romeo has wooed her with his words and has proposed marriage in the early part of Act II. He told Juliet to send a messenger to him to find out when and where they should be married. She sends the nurse, who is berated by Romeo's men, including Mercutio, before she can learn of Romeo's intentions. 

At the beginning of Scene 5 Juliet is alone on stage wondering why the Nurse hasn't returned. She calls the Nurse "lame" and says that the old woman would have hurried with the message had she "warm youthful blood." She wishes that the message of love from Romeo could be transmitted by the mind so it would arrive faster. She chastises the Nurse as "Unwieldy, slow, heavy, and pale as lead." 

When the Nurse returns she is tired and does not immediately relay Romeo's message. Given the treatment she received from Mercutio it is not surprising that she is weary and rattled. The reenactment of the scene in Zeffirelli's 1968 movie shows perfectly the rude manner in which she is treated by the obnoxious Mercutio.

Juliet, of course, is anxious for the news and becomes terribly impatient as the Nurse puts her off. The Nurse first describes Romeo as being somewhat unruly but still quite considerate. She says,

He is not the flower of courtesy,
but I’ll warrant him as gentle as a lamb.

When Juliet's pleadings do no good, she finally tries to soothe the Nurse. She says, 

I’ faith, I am sorry that thou art not well.
Sweet, sweet, sweet nurse, tell me, what says my
love?

Finally the Nurse gives in to the appeals of the girl and tells her that she and Romeo are to be married by Friar Lawrence that very afternoon. The Nurse ends the scene by saying she needs to procure a rope ladder so that Romeo may climb onto Juliet's balcony that night for their honeymoon. 

Can you please explain Poe's "Hop Frog"?Kindly comment on the significance of the punishment and any sympathy that Hop Frog deserves.

This story is, like other Poe stories (such as "The Cask of Amontillado") is a story of revenge.  In this case, Hop Frog is taking revenge on the king and his ministers for their mistreatment of himself and his friend, Trippetta.

The particular way in which Hop Frog gets revenge is, in my opinion, symbolic.  He makes the king and his ministers look and act like apes.  This is appropriate because the way the king behaves towards Hop Frog is not very humane -- more like what you would expect from an animal.  (For example, making him drink wine or throwing the wine in Trippetta's face for trying to defend Hop Frog.)

I guess Hop Frog deserves sympathy in much the same way you would sympathize with a slave who killed his master.

What are some theme statements from the novel for courage, innocence, and childhood?

At the end of the novel, when Atticus is reading to Scout, she comments on the character in the book by saying:  "When they finally saw him, why he hadn't done any of those things. Atticus, he was real nice." To which Atticus responds, "Most people are, once you see them."

Human innocence is drowned out by prejudice.  Most of the characters in this story are "innocent" of the claims being made against them - Mrs. Dubose, Tom, Boo Radley, Atticus (at times), even Scout.  However, the prejudice of all the characters, from Scout to Jem to Miss Caroline to the town, causes them to find guilt in others around them.

Courage is looking beyond your own point of view.  A common theme in this story is that a person must "walk around in another's shoes."  The most courageous and heroic characters are those that are able to break the bonds of their perspective and see the world through another person's eyes.

How do I write a character sketch about one of the characters in as I lay dying? What info must be included? What perspective do I write from?

Just to continue from where the above answer leaves off, a character sketch is about personality traits.  Your sketch should explain what is revealed in the work about the character's personality. 

Basically, then, you are explaining and analyzing the characterization in the novel. 

When you read the work and draw conclusions about a character, you are drawing conclusions about the results of the characterization. 

Then, when you analyze how that characterization is achieved--how you know what you know about a character--you are studying the methods of characterization.  The writer may use dialogue, actions, or description to establish what a character is like. 

To summarize and explain:

• You write what is revealed about the character in the novel, then you...


• prove that it is revealed:  by citing action, dialogue, and/or description.

The supporting evidence the excellent answer above mentions comes from the methods:  action, dialogue, and/or description.  That's where you draw examples, anecdotes, etc., from. 

Not that a character sketch necessarily even mentions the methods used--that's not in itself important in a character sketch.  That's just where you look for evidence. 

What "moral filth" did Thoreau want to "get rid of?"

The moral filth that Thoreau wanted to get rid of was the idea that the United States had the right to use its power for its own purposes -- even for purposes that were morally wrong.

Thoreau was very opposed to the war with Mexico (1846-8).  He thought that the US had no right to go to war just to take land.  He was also appalled at the idea that the land the US took might end up being worked by slaves.  If this happened, the US would have taken land from another country by force and would have used that land in a system that exploited human beings and treated them as property.

Explain method of extrapolation & interpolation .This question is related with - Research Methodology

Extrapolation is the process of obtaining values from a graph or a table that are extend beyond the given data. The trend of the data is extended beyond the last point given, and based on this extended trend an estimate of the value is made.Interpolation is the process of obtaining values from a graph or a table that are located between two major points or values known. A ratio process is usually employed for interpolation.

One of the best means of extrapolation and interpolation is to plot the given data on a graph and develop a smooth curve to fit all the points plotted. The smooth curve to fit the points plotted can be drawn by using personal judgement, which may be aided by use of stencils of curves of different shapes. Also mathematical techniques are available to develop equations of curves that best fit the given data. The advantage of using these mathematically derived curves is that it is possible to clearly define how well the curve fits the given data. further, the equations of the curve enables to understand relationships between different variables better and to use this understanding for further analysis. Finally, equations are more handy to use then graph. However, the graph method is easier to understand and use for people not familiar with mathematical techniques.

Is there law for family violence? example: republic act

It is important to understand that generally, family violence, which is usually referred to as domestic violence, is a matter of state law, not federal law. I cannot speak for all 50 states authoritatively, but I would imagine that all of them have statutes concerning domestic violence.  In Pennsylvania, for example, there is a Protection from Abuse statute.

You should also be aware that while most people seem to focus on spousal abuse, abuse of one's child or parent is often covered under such statutes.

In Pennsyvania, under the Protection from Abuse Act, consequences for abuse of a family member might include removal from the home or removal of a child from the home. When a child is abused, a government agency will usually become involved in the situation, and a child might be taken permanantly from the home. A violation of a Protection from Abuse Order can also lead to incarceration.

When one abuses a family member, the normal criminal charges also apply, so one might be found guilty of assault and battery, rape, attempted murder, and so on.

Domestic violence is a serious problem. It affects people of all ages, races, ethnic groups and socio-economic status. If someone you know is being abused, a good person to speak to about this is a school counselor. 

Why has Crooks been able to accumulate more personal items than the other ranch hands?

Crooks also represents a different sort of common laborer than do the other male characters.  He does not seem to be a migrant worker (someone who moves from job to job).  Judging from Candy's stories about Crooks and some of Crooks' comments about his own disillusionment, he has been at the Tyler Ranch for quite a while.  When one does not have to move from job to job, "home" to "home," carrying his "bindle," then it is easier to keep things that he might not normally hang on to.

Similarly, because Crooks does not have any real relationships with the other men, he does not have an opportunity to trade his books or other possessions with them.  His isolation makes it necessary for him to form a bond of sorts with things rather than people; so during a time period when many Americans had very little, Crooks clings desperately to his possessions because he has nothing/no one else to cling to.

In Section 1, explain Moishe the Beadle's relationship with the Jews of Sighet, particulary Eliezer.Do some of their feelings toward Moishe have to...

Moishe the Beadle was very important to Elie in the first part of the book. This was a man who had agreed to study the Kabbalah with a young twelve year old boy whose desire it was to be well versed in all things Judaic. He treated Elie like he was an equal and in turn Elie saw him as a friend. People in Sighet didn't regard him much before his capture. They helped him when they could, but he was of little importance to the community as a whole. After his capture and subsequent escape he returned to Sighet to warn the Jews of what was to come. They didn't listen to him, they looked upon him with pity. They didn't want to hear what he had to say. As for Elie, he was disappointed in this man whom he thought of as being all knowing when it came to God, religion, mystics, and kabbalah. He didn't want to believe Moishe, he wanted Moishe to stop embarrassing himself by telling these tales of these horrible events. 

I think most of the feelings expressed toward Moishe had to do with the fact that no one believed they lived in a world where these things could happen to anyone. They believed they were a part of a civilized society. I don't think their feelings of disbelief and pity were largely religious based, they were just thinking that he had to have made these horrific things up.

Is there irony in "The Tell-Tale Heart" and if so, how does it work in this story?

You ask a very good question.  There is, indeed, a use of irony in "The Tell-Tale Heart."  The most common form of literary irony is situational irony, which takes place when something happens in the story that goes against what we (the reader) expect or what makes sense.

In "The Tell-Tale Heart," there are several examples of irony.  It is ironic that the murder's attempt to conceal his crime is what actually causes his incarceration.  The fact that the killer confesses his crime when the policemen seemed to be quite relaxed and had no intention of arresting him is ironic.  The death of one man with what may be considered a flaw (his eye) at the hands of one with a much more severe flaw (madness) is ironic; the murderer's flaw was hidden, but was infinitely more serious than the murdered's, which was visible, but of no danger to anyone but himself.

Overall, there are many ironies within "The Tell-Tale Heart."  The principle of the value of friendship can be interpreted as being addressed via irony, as can many other variables.  Within the story, several core human values are touched upon in ways that may be seen as ironic.  This use of irony is typical of Poe's works.

Why was the Zimmerman Note significant to WWI?

The Zimmermann Note, or telegram, was sent by German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann in 1917. He had sent it to his ambassador in Mexico and the goal was to get Mexico to become an ally of Germany. He offered a great deal of financial support along with Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico if they won the war. The note also encouraged Mexico to gain Japan as an ally as well.

President Wilson received the note and it was released to the the United States public and they were outraged. Mexico and Japan denied any involvement with Germany. The United States declared war soon after.

How important is doublethink to the Party's control of Oceania? How important is it to Winston's brainwashing?

I would say that doublethink is necessary for the Party to be able to control Oceania.  Without the ability to do doublethink, the people who run the government would surely go insane and be unable to exert control.

The reason for this is that the people who run the government have to truly believe in what they are doing, even though it is a lie.  If they could not engage in doublethink, they would be unable to really do their jobs because they would not be able to believe in what they were doing.

This is a very difficult concept to grasp -- just look at how Orwell himself puts it

The power of holding two contradictory beliefs in one's mind simultaneously, and accepting both of them....To tell deliberate lies while genuinely believing in them, to forget any fact that has become inconvenient, and then, when it becomes necessary again, to draw it back from oblivion for just so long as it is needed, to deny the existence of objective reality and all the while to take account of the reality which one denies — all this is indispensably necessary. Even in using the word doublethink it is necessary to exercise doublethink. For by using the word one admits that one is tampering with reality; by a fresh act of doublethink one erases this knowledge

As far as Winston's brainwashing, O'Brien is trying to get him to be able to do doublethink -- to accept that 2 and 2 make 5 even though he knows they do not.

Examine what it means to be American in the novel. How do different characters see America?its abou the kite runner book

In the book "The Kite Runner" being American means being free from his past for Amir.  Amir had a hard time looking at Hassan and all the events that had happened since Hassan's rape.  For Amir going to America meant being free from the issues that had happened.  It was a promise of a new world and hope.

"America was different.  America was a river, roaring along, unmindful of the past.  I could wade into this river, let my sins drown to the bottom, let the waters carry me someplace far." (136)

For Baba, America was an ideal that he loved but the reality was just hardship.  He had difficulty adjusting to the weather, the lifestyles of the people, the lack of trust, and the hard miserable hours at laborious jobs he had to work.  He loathes Jimmy Carter and feels that he was not fit to be the president.  Nothing is ever good enough in Americafor Baba.

General Sahib sees America as a waiting place while he waits for his country to begin to make some sense so he can go back to it.  None of the men who had come to America were able to work at jobs in the same status as they had before they had come.  It was very humiliating for them.

In Brutus' speech, what are the reasons Brutus gives for the assassination?

In Shakespeare's Julius Caesar, Brutus appeals to the reason of the Roman crowd.  He offers himself over to their judgement, and presents them with a rational argument. 

He begins by establishing that he was as much of and even more of a friend of Caesar's as any one present:

...If

there be any in this assembly, any dear friend of

Caesar's, to him I say that Brutus' love to Caesar was

no less than his.  If then that friend demand why

Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer:  Not

that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more.  (Act 3.2.17-22)

The implication is that if Brutus loved Caesar this much, he must have had good reason for assassinating him.

This is a powerful opening, but at this point Brutus makes his mistake.  He tells the crowd that Caesar was ambitious, that had Caesar lived they would have all been slaves.  Everything else he says comes down to Caesar's ambition.  But his mistake is that he doesn't prove Caesar was ambitious.  He tells the crowd his conclusion about Caesar's character, but he doesn't prove it.

In his speech that follows, Antony proves Caesar wasn't ambitious, and thus turns the crowd into a mob.

What is the climax of the "Red-headed League"?

This famous Sherlock Holmes story wraps up with very little action.  However, the most exciting scene and the turning point of the story is the scene in the bank, when the police pull John Clay out of the tunnel.  It is after this that all is revealed and the mystery of the League is solved.

What new identity has Chillingworth assumed in Boston? Why is he successful ?this question is chapter 9

Chillingworth is actually Hester's husband. He has assumed this identity to mask this fact. He does not want people to know who is is, as he has a plan to find out the identity of Hester's lover. Chillingworth has been held captive with the Indians and has only just come to town.

Chillingworth is now Dimmesdale's constant companion and doctor. The church elders are concerned  with Dimmesdale and beg him to become his patient. Chillingworth is using leeches, and this is symbolic of the leeching he does on Dimmesdale's psyche. He is probing him psychological more that physically. At first, he did not know that Dimmesdale was Hester's lover, just that he had a dark secret. Chillingworth is constantly pushing to know the secret. Townspeople are taking his changing appearance into account as well, as he is growing darker and uglier. It is rumored he learned strange medical practices during his time with the Indians. Dimmesdale is not getting any better despite the constant care of Chillingworth.

How did the pigs use Boxer's death to get the animals to work harder?

The pigs used Boxer's death as a means for getting the animals to work harder by using his life as an example for the degree of work the pigs expected from the animals. They used Boxer's slogans for his own work and wanted the animals to apply it to their own work. They tried to make it seem to the animals that they were honoring Boxer's memory by subscribing to his slogans. Napoleon himself addressed the animals at the close of chapter nine and he reminded the animals during his speech that Boxer's favorite slogans were, "'I will work harder' and 'Comrade Napoleon is always right'". He made it a point to tell the animals that it would be in their best interest to adopt these slogans as their own. 

ch.12. How does the author describe Ralph's flight across the island?,why is Percival unable to remember his name and address?

Ralph's flight across the island is less than glamorous.  He is determined to survive and is willing to use the beast to do it.  By this time, the pig's head is only a skull since the flies have consumed the flesh.  Ralph takes the spear on the trek across the island and in his injured and bloody state, makes his way to the beach.  He is more barbaric now than he has ever been in the novel.The officer, representing newly discovered civilization, is appalled at the condition of the children. He cannot understand why they were not able to carry on like good British schoolboys and behave like the children in The Coral Island. But, like Ralph and Jack, he does not see the duality of his own nature. He is on the beach, shocked at the boys’ lack of civilization, yet he is an officer on a boat in which the main function is to hunt and kill. The boys’ true loss of innocence is expressed when Percival Wemys Madison, whose only flimsy hold on the past was his memorized name, phone number, and address, can no longer even remember his name.

In Frankenstein, what is the climax of the story, the setting as foreshadowing, and the symbolism? Get back to me asap. Thank you for your help!

You ask three questions in one in your question about Shelley's Frankenstein.  I'll answer one for you.

If the novel were a Shakespearean tragedy, which it isn't, I would choose the moment that Victor impulsively destroys what he has already created of the female monster.  That certainly is the moment that signals his doom. 

But since it's a Gothic novel from the 19th century, I'll suggest that the climax occurs when the monster kills Elizabeth.  This is the moment when the monster wins and Victor loses.  That's when the conflict is decided, the highest point of tension, the point at which Victor is truly destroyed, etc. 

How do the characters deal with their guilt in Fifth Business?How do Boyd and Paul deal with their guilt? I'm specifically asking about the guilt...

Percy-Boyd Staunton, the thrower of the snowball and the one who put a rock in it, should be the one who bears the most guilt of the snowball incident.  It was he who made the snowball into a weapon that could hurt Mrs. Dempster, and it was he who threw it.  Perversely, Percy-Boyd (later just called Boy) seems to feel the least guilt.  He never owns up to throwing the snowball, nor does he take the least interest in the decline of Mary Dempster and the destruction of her family.  His life becomes one glorious success after another -- culminating in his suicide (or murder, we are never entirely certain), and we are left, like Dunny, to believe that either Boy sublimated his guilt into a life of hedonism which masked his self-hatred, or he was incapable of understanding responsibility and guilt.  There is definite ambiguity here.  There is no visible way that Boy Staunton showed his guilt -- and when confronted with the truth, he denied it.

Dunny, of course, who was less culpable (as he didn't know that the snowball had a rock in it, and he only stepped out of the way to avoid it, never intending that it hit the pregnant Mary Dempster), assumes much more of the guilt.  He is consumed by it, and spends his childhood in mortal fear of human and divine reprisal, and his adulthood in attempted expiation.

Paul, who was an unborn baby in his mother's womb at the time of the incident, spends his childhood in guilt, too.  This is encouraged by his inadequate, fanatical father who is wholly incapable of handling his wife's mental illness. Paul is always feeling guilty about his part (which was really no part!) in his mother's madness -- but his birth coincided with the onset of his mother's insanity, and he can never get beyond it.  At one point, Paul could no longer stand the guilt, and he ran away from home and joined the traveling circus.  As a child he could never understand that this would be the final nail in his mother's mental coffin -- she would never recover from her madness after his loss.

Everyone knows Dionysus, the god of wine (among other things). Some knew him especially well, though. Who were his main friends?

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Is genetic superiority a guarantee of happy life?Please explain your reasonsing.

There are many factors that have to converge in order to find happiness.  Genetic superiority would not be the sole factor in determining it.  At the same time, I would also suggest that the notion of genetic superiority is a bit vague.  At its best, genetic superiority might mean to avoid familial health conditions.  Yet, there could be other factors, outside of genetics, that could cause such conditions, whereby genetic predisposition might not guarantee complete absolution.  At its worst, the term "genetic superiority" has been the pretense for some of the worst of human actions.  Given the fact that it is not an absolute guarantee, I would have to say that genetic superiority is not definitive in the realm of human happiness.

When Winston visits O'Brien in 1984, what is his motivation and what limits does he set on his involvement in the Brotherhood?

Winston visits O'Brien because he believes there is a conspiracy against the Party, and he thinks Winston is apart of it.  He does not believe in the principles of Ingsoc.  He says he will do anything to fight against the Party except to seperate from Julia.

What is Sir Gawain's quest in "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight"? How is he a near-perfect hero, and is Gawain a good or a bad knight?

Sir Gawain's quest is to find the Green Knight in the Green Chapel.  It is not a quest which he really wants to embark on.  The Green Knight had visited Arthur's court on New Years Eve and had issued a challenge to Knights of the Round Table.  He would let one of them take a blow against him now and the Knight would them allow The Green Knight to take an equal blow against him one year from that day. When none of the knights jumped to the challenge, Arthur himself was going to take it so Gawain stepped up and took the challenge for him. 

Gawain is a near perfect hero because he is brave, strong, honorable, and willing to die to keep his word.  He even resists the temptation of the beautiful Lady Bertilak who throughs herself at him.  He does kiss her, but gives the Kisses to Bertilak in the evening as per his agreement to give him everything he gets during the day.  He is less than perfect however, because when Lady Bertilak gives him a sash she says will protect him from weapons, he keeps it and does not tell the Bertilak. 

I would definitely say that Gawain is a good knight, not perfect, but overall he is a good and honorable man which is why he survives his encounter with the Green Knight

How does Pearl in The Scarlet Letter symbolize redemption?

Pearl is the personification of the letter "A" that Hester must wear on her dress as punishment.  Hawthorne describes the way Hester dresses Pearl - just as elaborate and fancy as the "A" itself, while Hester remains dressed in drab, colorless clothing.  Because of this, Pearl also represents the punishment that Hester must bear.  Pearl is the outward symbol of Hester's sin, and because of this, Dimmesdale convinces the town magistrates to allow Hester to keep custody of her.  He tells them that Pearl will be a constant reminder of Hester's sin.

This is true, but it is also true that Pearl is a constant reminder of the grace of God.  Despite Hester's and Dimmesdale's sin, Hester still received a beautiful gift in the form of Pearl.

Pearl, then, represents the sin, but she also represents the redemption and grace of God.

In Act 2 Scene 2, what does Juliet's character and language show you?The things we have to focus on are: her behaviour, what she talks about,...

We also learn about Juliet in this scene that, although she is obedient with her parents, she demonstrates strength when talking to Romeo.  She challenges him to prove his love to her, and when he starts to, "waxing poetic" himself, she stops him immediately.  She doesn't want to her poetry, she wants to hear truth.  Look at this interchange:

Romeo.
Lady, by yonder blessed moon I swear,
That tips with silver all these fruit-tree tops,--

Juliet.
O, swear not by the moon, the inconstant moon,
That monthly changes in her circled orb,
Lest that thy love prove likewise variable.

Romeo.
What shall I swear by?

Juliet.
Do not swear at all;
Or if thou wilt, swear by thy gracious self,
Which is the god of my idolatry,
And I'll believe thee.

Juliet is a realist.  She knows that men often swear things and then betray those promises.  She is being cautious here.  She is also cautious when she first sees Romeo.  She immediately says that if he is found there, he'll be killed.  He is lost in love - she is being practical.

Of course, her own love will sweep away her practicality!

In "Macbeth", how do we see the theme of appearance versus reality in the witches? In the whole play?

Their chant in the opening scene introduces the theme of how to distinguish what appears to be true from what is really true. "Fair is foul, and foul is fair" offers a paradox indicating that we cannot tell one situation from another, which is another way of suggesting the tension between appearance and reality. The witches later seem to appear out of nowhere, causing Macbeth to wonder if they were even there, as does Banquo, when he says "have we eaten on the insane root/ That takes the reason prisoner?" (1.3.88-89). Later, as Macbeth plans the murder, he says "Stars, hide your fires; /Let not light see my black and deep desires," this time asking nature to cloak his reality (deep desire to do evil and kill Duncan) in the dark. He reiterates this difference from what appears to be true vs what is true when he says "False face must hide what the false heart doth know" (1.7.95). In all of these cases, Macbeth acts in a way that disguises what he has in his heart, and as for the witches, they repeatedly equivocate on the full truth of the future--the disaster that will happen when he kills Duncan--and in this way hide the reality of the future from him.

How can I explain what kind of person Scout is in a expository paragraph????To Kill A Mockingbird Novel

I would write a topic sentence that includes several descriptive words about Scout. Then, I would choose to focus on one aspect of Scout, use a quote that demonstrates it and then spend 2 sentences interpreting and analzying that trait.

Next, transition into another trait, finding a quote about it, and do the same, analyze and interpret for two sentences. Finally, I would conclude by tying those two topics regarding Scout together.

Consider these aspects of Scout's character: moral, tomboy, creative, imaginative, considerate, defensive, naive, intelligent, or caring.

Who does Jane Eyre love?

Jane Eyre has two love interests in the novel, Mr. Rochester, whom she grows to love after serving as his daughter's governess, and St. John Rivers, a minister and her cousin who repeatedly asks for her hand in marriage so she can work with him as a missionary in India.

Both relationships have complications. St. John is a good man, but Jane refuses to marry him because she does not love him and she knows thier marriage would lack the passion she desires.

The man she truly loves, Mr. Rochester, is already married. His wife, Bertha Mason Rochester, is insane and hidden in the attic. Just when Jane thinks she has her dream and will marry Mr. Rochester, she learns of Bertha's existance and flees.

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What is the blood flow from right atrium to right hand finger tips and back to right atrium?I just really need to know the blood flow from right...

Blood enters the heart at the right atrium. The right atrium contracts, forcing blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. Then the right ventricle contracts, pushing the blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery transports blood from to the lungs, receiving oxygen. Then, pulmonary veins take the oxygenated blood to the left atrium.  Blood is then forced through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle.  The left ventricle is the major pump that sends the blood out to the body. The left ventricle contracts sending the blood through the aortic semilunar valves and into the aorta. The aorta and its branches carry the blood to all tissues (including fingertips) of the body. Veins take the deoxygenated blood from these parts of the body back to the heart - to the superior and inferior vena cave and into to the right atrium.

 vena - vein - veins take blood to the heart.

aorta - artery - arteries take blood from the heart to the body. (with the exception of the pulmonary and umbillical arteries)

What is the promise given at the end of Fahrenheit 451?

The promise is that a new era is about to begin and that humanity is not completely doomed.  At the end of the novel, Montag recalls the biblical passage, "To everything there is a season.  A time to break down, a time to build up."  The time for destruction has ended; the time for rebirth has begun. 

What is the foreshadowing in the story?

There are several elements of foreshadowing in the wonderful story "The Necklace."

Start with the opening line: "The girl was one of those pretty and charming young creatures who sometimes are born, as if by a slip of fate, into a family of clerks."

This lets us know fate will play a role, that slips will play a role, and that she really should look like a clerk, as she does by the story's end.

 

The first line of the second paragraph says why she dresses plainly; this is stated almost as a universal, and it will be true again by the end of the story.

 

A bit later, the story says, " She had no gowns, no jewels, nothing. And she loved nothing but that." This is foreshadowing through irony. She loves only that—and it will be taken from her.

What makes Tom's speech in chapter 28 of The Grapes of Wrath so important?

This speech shows that Tom has recognized the importance of Casy's work.  Tom has realized that in order for things to change for the Okie's, actions must be taken.  The one thing that Tom knows that Casy hadn't quite figured out, though, is that it would take more than words to complete this task.  Casy had a tendancy to speak a lot about what could and should be done, but it ended there.  In this speech, Tom makes it clear that he means to actually get the drive started.  He speaks about forcing cops off of people's land, organizing large groups of people to do some yellin', and generally organizing the people (think of Tom as fictional Cesar Chavez).  Then, when Ma voices her concern about losing Tom, Tom's reply is unclear to both of them.  Tom relives the words of Casy in speaking about all of the people harboring one large soul, and this his work will be a part of all of that.  He (his soul) will be present where hungry people fight to eat, where people resist cops, where kids laugh when they can eat again, and when folks can once again build their own buildings and grow their own food.  Tom has subdued Ma's fears by placing himself at a level larger than most people.  Ma can take comfort in the fact that if and when things start to improve for all of the Okies, Tom had something to do about it.

Depending on how far you want to take the similarities, if Casy was Jesus Christ, Tom would be the apostle Paul.

What is the theme of the novel, "Tess of the d'Urbervilles"?

Another theme in the novel is that of knowledge versus ignorance. Tess and Angel struggle with their parent's unwillingness to accept change and progress and, therefore , this causes a lot of friction between them.

Tess, who has had formal schooling, is not only in possession of a greater intellect than her mother, but also has a much better sense of right and wrong.

Angel is different, because, with the exception of himself,  he is in a family of scholars. Angel has common sense, and is able to see that for all his family's "real" education, they are not always wise in their choices.

Both Angel and Tess see their parent's as choosing to be ignorant, or at the very least, unwilling to move with the times, and their relationships suffer for it.

What does Holmes learn about Helen by observing her?

Helen is obviously scared.  She has been dominated by an almost archetypal "evil stepfather".  She has been put into a state of constant fear, inferiority, and relative poverty.  However, Holmes is able to see that she has courage, and that she is determined to beat her stepfather and regain her independence and her fortune.  She is more resilient than her situation would suggest, which is why Holmes agrees to accept the case.

Who does Laertes initially blame for the death of his father?act 4 sc 5

Laertes initially suspects that the King has some involvement in his father's death. He bursts into the King's chambers to demand information about his father's death.

Claudius knows there is talk that Laertes might be King and Claudius does not want Laertes to have reason to hate him. The King easily manipulates Laertes into doubting his suspicions by vowing to give up everything he has-even his life-if he in any way had anything to do with Polonius' death.

How is Willy's suicide foreshadowed in the first act of Death of a Salesman?

Linda announces to the boys at the end of Act I that Willy has been in a series of car accidents, and that the accidents themselves seem like deliberate attempts to kill himself.  She also states that she recently found a rubber pipe and is concerned that Willy is considering inhaling gas to end his life.  In the end, that is what he does - inhales gas from his car.

What is propaganda, and what is it in WWI and WWII and how did Hitler use it?

The ability of the government to guide and mold public opinion is the essence of propaganda.  In World War I and in World War II, it was used to ensure that public support would be for the governmental aims in fighting the war.  Both sides used it to maintain public zeal and morale.  The fact that both sides used it would prove how much of a lie propaganda actually is:  How can both sides be right in asserting their own valid claims?  This is to say, if both sides are asserting their moral claims and the morally invalid claims of the other, someone has to be lying.  Propaganda is essential to continuing the strength of the state and ensuring that dissent is not heard.  Hitler was fairly effective in utilizing propaganda in his scapegoating of individuals whom he deemed as "enemies of Germany."  Along with Goebbels and other aspects of the Reich Government, he was able to mobilizing public support and zeal for his aims and ensure this was done without a great deal of support.  In providing a template as to how centralized governments do not need to listen to their constituents, Hitler was sadly ahead of his time in his use of propaganda and "spin" in the advancement of his own personal and political agenda.

How would you describe James Joyce's tone and attitude toward his characters in "Araby"?

An interesting aspect of this first person point of view in Araby is the multiple distances the story constructs: first there is the child, then there is the adult child, and then their is the author behind all three.The child thinks one way, the adult (with more experience) presents the child in a way the child would not understand, and then the author behind the entire story has a greater perspective, which encompasses issues of class, religion, sentiment, and romance that go beyond even that of the immediate narrator.  with this thrice removed distance of author to character (all of them), the author does have a more god-like stance in terms of his knowledge.  He knows more than even the narrator the blindness (the dead-end quality) of this child's life, even from the beginning, and he knows the emptiness of Araby as well.  More importantly, he knows the longing all humans have for such a place of romance, a place where we become able to bring back to another something special, making us special as we do so.  Neither the boy nor the adult appreciate this as the author does.  Rather than cold, I would argue that the author, Joyce, is compassionate toward this experience, kind and generous, not considering the child stupid or clumsy but, like all of us, flawed in our aspirations toward wanting more from our otherwise dull lives.

In The Scarlet Letter, was Hester a fit parent?

With respect to the Puritan culture of the time, no.  Hester was a sinner, and did not raise Pearl with the Puritan's view of spare the rod, spoil the child. The town viewed Pearl as a demon-child, having witnessed tantrums, and strange responses the child makes. However, Hester does love her child, and is terrified at the prospect of losing her. While she seems at times obsessed with Pearl's actions, it can be seen that this comes from guilt, isolation, and inexperience.

Why is Thomas Putnam willing to speak of witchcraft? How does Mrs. Putnam know what Ruth was doing in the woods?Act I

Goody Putnam asked Ruth to go to Tituba. She wanted Tituba to talk to her seven dead babies. Thomas Putnam is vengeful, and land-greedy, so he will take any opportunity to spread a bad word of anyone.

Of course,l he thinks that he is above all suspicions.

How does Oscar Wilde use humour to deal with how people mask their identities?

"Give a man a mask and he'll show you his true identity" are the words Oscar used. Oscar Wilde was a walking paradox in both his professional and personal lives. Here is a man who constantly vows a devotion towards the Catholic church while being a Protestant who also consistently detours from converting. A man who embodies in his "outer" life a complete Victorian with a wife, and children, while in his "inner" and secret life he is anything but.

This shows his tendencies as an artist to partially connect his inner and outer lives: The accepted and the not accepted into his art.Therefore, An Ideal Husband is a combination of paradox and sarcasm, but mostly mockery at the Victorian hyporcisy which permeated society: The stuffy homes with paraphernalia that meant nothing; the never-ending race to go up another echelon in the social stata. All those elements make "An Ideal Husband " a historical memento for what was going on at the time, and how people saw it behind closed doors. You might always want to add that , in a way, "An Ideal Husband" as well as many other Oscar works were a key to mental liberation, as he was certainly NOT the only Victorian who endured the cynic nature of his times, and the arrogance of his peers .

What two incidents in Chekhov's "The Lady with the Pet Dog" foreshadow Dmitri's feelings for Anna will be stronger than for other women?

The two incidents that foreshadow Dmitri's genuine love for Anna both occur in relation to the beauty of the natural world. After first meeting at the restaurant, Dmitri and Anna leave together and walk along the sea, making the usual social small talk. Then each of them notices and remarks upon the beauty of the water:

They strolled along, remarking on the strange light over the sea. The water was a warm, tender purple, the moonlight lay on its surface in a golden strip.

The incident suggests that they are bound by a common sensitivity to beauty and the natural world around them.

The second incident occurs after they have become lovers. Leaving Anna's hotel room, they again find themselves at seaside, this time sitting on a bench overlooking the water. They sit silently, taking in the quiet beauty of the scene--morning mist, white clouds, and mountains. Significantly, their bench is located near a church, giving the moment spiritual connotations. With Anna by his side, Dmitri Gurov experiences an epiphany:

. . . the sea came up to them, speaking of peace, of the eternal sleep lying in wait for us all . . . soothed and enchanged by the sight of all this magical beauty--sea, mountains, clouds and the vast expanse of the sky--Gurov told himself that, when you came to think of it, everything in the world is beautiful really, everything but our own thoughts and actions, when we lose sight of the higher aims of life, and of our dignity as human beings.

Dmitri's relationship with Anna, even in its earliest stage, has touched his spirit in a profound and unexpected way, revealing a part of Dmitri that he had not known existed. Both of these early incidents suggest that his relationship with Anna will develop into something truly meaningful in his life.

The presence of nature in the story contrasts with the mediocrity and mundane nature of the city and the life Dmitri has lived in the city. With Anna, surrounded by natural beauty, he experiences life for the first time in a new way. She will not be just another romantic conquest for Dmitri.

In "Macbeth," why is Macbeth so upset by Banquo at the feast?

Macbeth is upset because what he sees isn't a body--it's a ghost.  He has seen and created many bodies, but this is no body.  He says at one point:

...The time has been

That, when the brains were out, the man would die,

And there an end.  But now they rise again.... (Act 3.4.78-80)

Banquo is dead, but apparently doesn't want to stay that way.  This frightens Macbeth so that he once again behaves in the way that his wife repeatedly tells him not to:  like he is terribly guilty of something. 

In the end, she chides him for throwing another fit, and dismisses his antics, telling him that he looks on nothing but an empty stool.

How would you end the story The Legend of Sleepy Hollow?i was asked to end the story by myself.

How about something unexpected such as Katrina's admission that she has been secretly in love with her teacher as well?  She is enamored by his intelligence and sensitivity, and that big muscles and a thick head such as the ones Brom Bones possess has never been to her liking.  You could portray her something like Belle in Beauty and the Beast.  A girl who loves to read and study and who values things in life that other girls her age don't...give her wisdom beyond her years and none of that superficial stuff.  Katrina is no Brainless Barbie doll who is seeking a Ken Doll relationship. 

As a result, Brom Bones attempts to scare Icabod away from Katrina by posing as the dreadful Headless Horseman, but Icabod, in a moment of intellectual inspiration exposes Brom for the fake he is, and Brom is the one found the next morning in a pumpkin patch with his "head" in his arms and a note for the town warning them to be careful of the stories they hear and pass along.

This sounds like a fun assignment, and one you should enjoy retelling.  Let your imagination run wild, and try recording it into a tape recorder first.  Then, simply play it back and right it down for editing and polishing. 

Good Luck! 

In 1984, Ampleforth and Parsons are arrested. What is suggested about personal security by this?

Throughout the novel, Winston has been looking forward to "the place where there is no darkness" as a refuge from the distortion, hatred and suspicion under which everyone lives in Oceania.

It is revealed when they are all arrested and taken to a brightly lit antiseptic looking metal room--cold, uncomfy, and never dark. Certainly not a refuge.

Ampleforth is arrested for his inability to remove the word "God" from a line of poetry. Parsons is arrested for thoughtcrime and had been turned in by his own daughter.

These two men are arrested for seemingly innocent things. Ampleforth was simply trying to keep the rhyme scheme in Kipling's poem true, and Parsons claims to be proud of the daughter who accused him of thoughtcrime--something he says must have come upon him without his knowledge whatsoever.

No one is safe...there is no security in Oceania within the Party.

What is the conflict of the story "The Lady with a Dog" by Anton Chekhov?

The central conflict is the pull between loyalty and infatuation, security and the unknown, and the failure to truly know if the latter is something real or illusory.   Both the man and woman are trapped in shallow lives, both seek a more satisfying relationship, a spark that makes life worth living.  For example, when the pair are at dinner,

"Then both continued eating in silence, like strangers, but after dinner they walked side by side; and there sprang up between them the light jesting conversation of people who are free and satisfied, to whom it does not matter where they go or what they talk about."

However, despite these positive indications of a chance for more "alive" living, neither one is ready to give up what they know or feel comfortable with in their lives.  The story concludes with a sour grapes sort of line:  ""There's something pathetic about her, anyway," he thought, and fell asleep." 

Compare the elements of Gothic Literature in both "Ligeia" and "The Raven" by Poe?Gothic is focusing on dark, mysterious, terrifying events. The...

"The Raven" is set in a darkly-lit house, on the edge of the ocean, during a windy night.  One character is a speaking raven, who has appeared out of nowhere and seems to be answering the narrator's questions with an applicable "Nevermore".  The raven rests quietly and refuses to leave.  The narrator interprets it as a sign of his grief, and he is left feeling despondent.

In "Ligeia", the narrator is obsessed with death.  In the story, the wife supernaturally rises from the dead.  The setting ends up in a lonely and abandoned abbey in England where light is obstructed because of the lead in the windows.  Furniture that appears to change shape, and the narrator's feeling that a shadow is following his wife about also enhance the gothic nature of this story.

Who do Cassius and Casca want to win over to their plan, and why might they feel it is important for this person to join them?

It is Cassius more than Casca who wants Brutus to participate in the conspiracy to kill Caesar. Furthermore, in Act 1 Scene 3, Cassius reveals that his real motive in wanting to murder Caesar is that he doesn’t like the man. He tells Casca “why should Caesar be a tyrant, then? / Poor man, I know he would not be a wolf / But that he sees the Romans are but sheep….What trash is Rome, / What rubbish…when it serves / For the base matter to illuminate / So vile a thing as Caesar” (106-115).  Cassius knows he lacks moral grounding in killing Caesar, and he thinks less of Casca than he does Caesar, calling him “dull” and otherwise insulting him in the same scene (60-70). Casca is such a coward that he is unnerved by the storm then raging. Lacking moral grounding, Cassius seduces Brutus, who has moral standing among the Senators as well as among the people, to join the conspiracy, convincing him that Caesar is ambitious and will undermine the Republic. Casca is more of a "yes man" to Cassius, doing as he is told or as he expects Cassius wants him to do--he has little to do with persuading Brutus.

In Moby Dick, why did Ahab seek revenge?

Simply put, Ahab seeks revenge because the whale caused him to lose his leg.

Ahab does not see the whale as merely "a dumb brute...that...smote (him) from blindest instinct" Chapter 36).  He sees in him rather "outrageous strength, with an inscrutable malice...(that) insulted (him)" (Chapter 36).  He is obsessed, compelled to seek vengeance by an "innermost necessit(y) in (his) being" (Chapter 36), "damned in the midst of paradise" (Chapter 37), by "madness maddened" (Chapter 37).  His heart is consumed by hatred and a deep-seated need to seek revenge, and he vows to pursue "that accursed white whale that...made a poor pegging lubber of (him)...round Good Hope, and round the Horn...and round perdition's flames before (he) give(s) him up" (Chapter 36).

How does Bilbo's newly named sword relate to his new self and why doesn't Bilbo want to reveal the ring to the dwarves?

Up to the point where Bilbo kills his first spider and names his sword Sting, Bilbo has not done one heroic deed on his own.  Previously, every time the company got in trouble, it was Gandalf who guided the company through.  When Gandalf left the party after the rest at Beorn's, he put Bilbo in charge of the expedition to Lonely Mountain.  Gandalf knew that deep down inside Mr. Baggins was a Took part of him longing to come to the surface.  The Tooks were an adventurous and brave family of Hobbits, which had led to them being known as not respectable among the peace loving Hobbits in the Shire.  The Baggins is one of these respectable families.  Bilbo is half Took and half Baggins, but he has led his life, up to this point, as a peace-loving Baggins.  With the death of the spider, Bilbo's Took side comes forth, and he has now become an adventurous, brave Hobbit.

After his escape from Gollum, Bilbo overhears the dwarves quarreling about the loss of their burglar to the Goblins.  He leaves the ring on and, because Hobbits can move very quietly, he creeps up on the dwarves before removing his ring to reveal himself.  Because he was able to do this, the dwarves' praised his burglar skills.  Basking in their praise, Bilbo kept the secret of the ring to himself.

When Thorin and company come into the presence of the Master, the raft-men of the elves told him that they were the Elvenking's escaped prisoners. 

1) State two ways in which Lady Macbeth is contrasted with Lady Macduff.2) Explain how the events in the scene lead to the restoration of Scotland.

Lady Macduff is radically different from Lady Macbeth. She appears as the more traditional woman, one who is loyal and protective of her son and, despite her anger at her husband for leaving them to go to England, she is still the traditional wife and mother-figure. (See Act IV, scene ii.)

Lady Macbeth, on the other hand, is the nontraditional female - the one who has pushed and pushed her husband into the throne of Scotland. When she reads the letter from her husband about the prophecies of the witches (I, v), she makes a speech about fearing that her husband is too kind, "too full o'th' milk of human kindness" to actually fight his way to the throne. Later, in speaking to Macbeth about his hesitation in killing Duncan, she says she would rather have killed the child she nursed at her breast than to go back on what they have planned as far as killing Duncan to claim the throne.  Lady Macbeth is painted as the epitome of the evil, unnatural female.  She is characterized as being closer in nature to the witches than to a mortal woman like Lady Macduff.

With regards to your question #2, could you be more specific as to which scene you are asking about?  Thanks!

In the short story "Jury of Her Peers," what was Mrs. Wright's psychological analysis?

Mrs. Wright was a victim of domestic violence and the play touches upon themes such as female oppression and empowerment.  Domestic violence was not a topic that was discussed in the early 1900s, so it is critical to understand the kinds of relationships between men and women in society during this period.  Women could not serve on juries, nor did they have the right to vote and were held to a traditional code of behavior. Women were to stay home and take care of the house. They were to be seen, but not heard.

Mrs. Wright was completely isolated and unable to connect with others.  Before her marriage, she was outgoing, friendly, sung in a choir and wore fancy dresses.  Years after her marriage, she became reserved, withdrawn, and did not participate in social associations (Ex. Ladies' Aid).  One can infer that her husband "sucked" the life out of her and that the dead canary symbolizes Mrs. Wright's life and state of mind. The murder of her husband was her defiance to the traditional code of behavior bestowed upon women.  She could no longer live under such horrific conditions and she believed this was the only way to break free of her dominating and abusive husband.  The women in the kitchen uncovered the clues as to what had been happening in the house, but the men did not notice the evidence.  Instead, they were too preoccupied with the fact that the house was unkempt and that Mrs. Wright did not know how to keep house.